Generating broad-spectrum tolerance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in rice by base editing
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nerating broad-spectrum tolerance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in rice by base editing 1†
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Rui Zhang , Sha Chen , Xiangbing Meng , Zhuangzhuang Chai , Delin Wang , 4 1 4* 2,3* 1,2* Yuge Yuan , Kunling Chen , Linjian Jiang , Jiayang Li & Caixia Gao 1
State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Center for Genome Editing, Institute of Genetics and Developmental
Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3 State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; 4 Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; 2
Received July 6, 2020; accepted August 11, 2020; published online November 3, 2020
Herbicide-tolerant rice varieties generated by genome editing are highly desirable for weed control. We have used a cytosine base editor to create a series of missense mutations in the P171 and/or G628 codons of the acetolactate synthase (ALS) gene to confer herbicide tolerance in rice. The four different missense mutations in the P171 codon, P171S, P171A, P171Y and P171F, exhibited different patterns of tolerance towards five representative herbicides from five chemical families of ALS inhibitors. For example, P171S and P171A had lower levels of tolerance than P171Y and P171F to bispyribac but not to the other herbicides. Interestingly, a novel triple mutant (P171F/G628E/G629S) had the highest tolerance to all five tested herbicides. Field trials showed that both P171F and P171F/G628E/G629S could potentially be used with nicosulfuron. Our work illustrates an effective way of using base editing to generate herbicide tolerance in elite rice varieties. base editing, herbicide tolerance, rice, acetolactate synthase (ALS) Citation:
Zhang, R., Chen, S., Meng, X., Chai, Z., Wang, D., Yuan, Y., Chen, K., Jiang, L., Li, J., and Gao, C. (2020). Generating broad-spectrum tolerance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides in rice by base editing. Sci China Life Sci 63, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-020-1800-5
INTRODUCTION Weeds are a major threat to global food production. To tackle this problem, herbicide-tolerant crops have been developed by transgenic and traditional mutation breeding. The commercialization of transgenic cultivars is limited by long and costly regulatory evaluation processes, as well as public concerns. For staple crops such as rice, this has been a major barrier to broader adoption of transgenic technology. Al†Contributed equally to this work *Corresponding authors (Linjian Jiang, email: [email protected]; Jiayang Li, email: [email protected]; Caixia Gao, email: [email protected])
though non-transgenic rice varieties tolerant to herbicides have been developed by traditional breeding
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