Generation and anisotropy of neutron emission from a condensed Z-pinch
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DYNAMICS
Generation and Anisotropy of Neutron Emission from a Condensed ZPinch Yu. L. Bakshaeva, V. A. Bryzgunova, V. V. Vikhreva, I. V. Volobuevb, S. A. Dan’koa, E. D. Kazakova, V. D. Koroleva, D. Klírc, A. D. MironenkoMarenkova, V. G. Pimenovd, E. A. Smirnovaa, and G. I. Ustroeva a
National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, pl. Akademika Kurchatova 4, Moscow, 123182 Russia Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 53, Moscow, 119991 Russia c Czech Technical University in Prague, Zikova 4, Prague, 166 36 Czech Republic d Zelinskii Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 47, Moscow, 119991 Russia email: [email protected]; [email protected] b
Received November 19, 2013; in final form, January 23, 2014
Abstract—The paper presents results of measurements of neutron emission generated in the constriction of a fast Zpinch at the S300 facility (2 MA, 100 ns). An increased energy concentration was achieved by using a combined load the central part of which was a microporous deuterated polyethylene neck with a mass den sity of 100 mg/cm3 and diameter of 1–1.5 mm. The neck was placed between two 5mmdiameter agaragar cylinders. The characteristics of neutron emission in two axial and two radial directions were measured by the timeofflight method. The neutron spectrum was recovered from the measured neutron signals by the Monte Carlo method. In all experiments, the spatiotemporal characteristics of plasma in the Zpinch constriction were measured by means of the diagnostic complex of the S300 facility, which includes frame photography in the optical, VUV, and soft Xray (SXR) spectral regions; optical streak imaging; SXR detection; and time integrated SXR photography. The formation of hot dense plasma in the Zpinch constriction was accompa nied by the generation of hard Xray (with photon energies E > 30 keV), SXR (with photon energies E > 1 keV and duration of 2–4 ns), and neutron emission. Anisotropy of the neutron energy distribution in the axial direction was revealed. The mean neutron energies measured in four directions at angles of 0° (above the anode), 90°, 180° (under the cathode), and 270° with respect to the load axis were found to be of 2.1 ± 0.1, 2.5 ± 0.1, 2.6 ± 0.2, and 2.4 ± 0.1 MeV, respectively. For a 1mmdiameter neck, the maximum integral neu tron yield was 6 × 109 neutrons. The anisotropy of neutron emission for a Zpinch with a powerlaw distribu tion of highenergy ions is calculated. DOI: 10.1134/S1063780X14060014
1. INTRODUCTION In [1, 2], it was proposed to use the effect of energy concentration in the constriction of a Zpinch to ignite thermonuclear reaction in a cylindrical DT tar get. According to calculations, the required plasma parameters can be reached at the discharge current exceeding 10 MA [1]. Although the most appropriate substance for simulating the compression of DT mix ture is solidstate deuterium, experiments with frozen solid deuterium filaments at currents of ~1 MA failed to create neces
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