Genetic analyses reveal female philopatric behavior and nest usage by multiple females of the solitary oil-collecting be
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Original article
Genetic analyses reveal female philopatric behavior and nest usage by multiple females of the solitary oil-collecting bee Tetrapedia diversipes (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Priscila K. F. SANTOS1 , Elaine FRANÇOSO1 , Guaraci Duran CORDEIRO2 , Isabel ALVES-DOS-SANTOS2 , Maria Cristina ARIAS1 1
Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, sala 320, São Paulo, SP CEP 05508-090, Brazil 2 Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Rua do Matão, Trav. 14, n. 321, São Paulo, SP CEP 05508-900, Brazil Received 2 September 2019 – Revised 5 March 2020 – Accepted 30 March 2020
Abstract – Tetrapedia diversipes is an oil-collecting solitary species widely distributed in the Neotropical region. The high incidence of this species in trap nests makes it potentially a model species for ecological, genetic, evolutionary, and physiological studies. Here, we performed a population genetic study by using mitochondrial and microsatellite markers. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity, gene flow among populations, and offspring relatedness within the nest. The results indicated female philopatry and gene flow to be mainly mediated by males. Data on offspring relatedness suggested that nest owner replacement is common in this species. Atlantic forest / solitary bee / relatedness / kinship / cytochrome C oxidase I (COI) / microsatellites / trap-nest
1. INTRODUCTION Tetrapedia diversipes Klug (1810) is a solitary oil-collecting bee of the tribe Tetrapediini which was recently coupled with Ctenoplectra in the subfamily Xylocopinae (Apidae) (Bossert et al. 2018). Tetrapedia diversipes has a wide geographic distribution, ranging from Costa Rica to Argentina (Moure 2012). The female builds the nest in pre-existing holes in tree trunks. Each nest is composed of an average of seven individual and serial cells. Cells are filled with a mass of pollen Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-020-00763-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Corresponding author: P. Santos, [email protected]; M. Arias, [email protected] Manuscript editor: Cedric Alaux
mixed with floral oil where the female lays the egg, and the cells are separated from each other by a layer of sand mixed with floral oil (Alves-dosSantos et al. 2002). After accomplishing the reproductive task, the female dies; therefore, there is no generation overlap (Aguiar and Martins 2002; Alves-dos-Santos 2003; Michener 2007; Gazola and Garófalo 2009). This species presents a high occupancy rate in trap nests which may be related to its gregarious behavior, as when more females occupy one site, the cavities increase in attractiveness to other females (Cordeiro et al. 2019). It is likely that nests may be reused by the offspring of the previous generation born on that site (i.e., philopatry) (Cordeiro et al. 2019); nonetheless, there is still no data for
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