Geological and Geotechnical Characteristics of London Clay from the Isle of Sheppey
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TECHNICAL NOTE
Geological and Geotechnical Characteristics of London Clay from the Isle of Sheppey Meghdad Bagheri . Mohammad Rezania
Received: 13 January 2020 / Accepted: 16 September 2020 Ó The Author(s) 2020
Abstract The paper describes a series of experimental testing on natural stiff London clay samples retrieved from the New Hook Farm in the Isle of Sheppey, UK. The experimental program includes determination of macroscopic and microscopic properties, chemical compositions, Atterberg limits, permeability, and compressibility parameters in both intact and reconstituted states. The paper integrates the earlier studies, the new findings, and the commercial investigation results with the aim to extend the current knowledge of the geological and geotechnical characteristics of this stiff clay from the east of the London basin. Some comparisons are also made with shallow depth London clay from Heathrow Terminal 5 site. Keywords Clays Compressibility Grain size analysis Microstructure List of Symbols A Specimen cross section area Cc Compression index
M. Bagheri School of Energy, Construction and Environment, Coventry University, Coventry, UK e-mail: [email protected] M. Rezania (&) School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK e-mail: [email protected]
Cs Ca D D10 D25 D50 D75 D90 e e0 Gs i Ip kv p0 pc Q q/p0 q Rt S0 w0 wL
Swelling index Creep index Particle diameter The intercept for 10% cumulative mass on PSD curve The intercept for 25% cumulative mass on PSD curve The intercept for 50% cumulative mass on PSD curve The intercept for 75% cumulative mass on PSD curve The intercept for 90% cumulative mass on PSD curve Void ratio Initial void ratio Specific gravity Hydraulic conductivity Plasticity index COEFFICIENT of vertical permeability Mean effective stress Pressure loss in the specimen Mean rate of flow of water through the soil specimen Stress ratio Deviatoric stress Temperature correction factor for the viscosity of water Initial suction Initial gravimetric water content Liquid limit
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Geotech Geol Eng
wP a qb rp r0 v rvnet ea ESEM EDX LC MCV PSD QD SWRC T5 TDS WAC
Plastic limit Represents the ratio Ca/Cc Initial bulk density Yield vertical net stress Vertical effective stress Vertical net stress Axial strain Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope Energy dispersive X-ray London clay Moisture condition value Particle size distribution Queensborough clay Soil water retention curve Terminal 5 site Total dissolved solids Waste acceptance criteria
1 Introduction Since 1960s, the Isle of Sheppey along with the Isle of Grain, Cliffe, and Foulness Island have been labelled as potential sites for construction of a new airport as an alternative to the Heathrow airport to reduce the aircraft noise pollution in south east of England (Helsey and Codd 2014). The proposals of new airport in the Isle of Sheppey, the birthplace of British aviation, although rejected several times by the Department for Transport, implies the si
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