Gluteal Augmentation with Fat Grafting: Literature Review
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REVIEW
BODY CONTOURING
Gluteal Augmentation with Fat Grafting: Literature Review De-hui Che1 • Zhi-bo Xiao1
Received: 13 September 2020 / Accepted: 1 November 2020 Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature and International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 2020
Abstract Background The buttock is the second sex feature of the human body, and the graceful buttock curve gives people confidence. Although the safety of gluteal augmentation with autologous fat grafting is still controversial, the proportion of operations is increasing year by year. Purpose To provid a comprehensive and detailed review of the literature on gluteal augmentation with fat grafting. Methods A comprehensive review of the published literature through September of 2020 was performed in PubMed database, with the search terms ‘‘gluteal augmentation,’’ ‘‘buttock augmentation,’’ ‘‘Brazilian buttock lift,’’ ‘‘fat grafting,’’ ‘‘fat transfer,’’ ‘‘gluteal AND aesthetic,’’ ‘‘gluteal AND anatomy.’’ Results A total of 64 articles were included. On the basis of the information obtained, surgical recommendations are proposed to achieve buttocks as close as possible to aesthetic standard and improve surgical safety. Conclusion With a good grasp of the anatomical structure of the buttocks, complications can be reduced. At the same time, based on the theoretical basis of buttock aesthetics, better postoperative results can be obtained. Level of evidence III This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings,
& Zhi-bo Xiao [email protected] De-hui Che [email protected] 1
Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266. Keywords Gluteal augmentation Fat grafting Aesthetics Anatomy Complication
Introduction Gluteal augmentation has become increasingly common worldwide over the past few decades and has become a widespread phenomenon in Central and South America [1]. In addition, adipose grafts have also become a research hot spot because they are relatively abundant, easy to obtain, and have low immunogenicity, making them ideal substitutes for soft tissue. According to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, the number of gluteal augmentations with fat grafting, commonly known as the Brazilian buttock lift, doubled from 2014 to 2018 [2]. However, recent reports of high morbidity and mortality from fat transfer for gluteal augmentation have aroused the concern of the whole society. Aesthetics Although aesthetic standards are affected by subjective factors such as cultural differences and geographic environment, objective measurement is still the basis of aesthetic evaluation. Mendieta suggested that buttocks could be classified into four different shape types: square shape, A shape, V shape, and round shape (Fig. 1), accounting for 40%, 30%, 15%, and 15%, respectively
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