Glycoalkaloid Content in Italian Potato Breeding Clones Improved for Resistance against Potato Tuber Moth ( Phthorimaea
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Glycoalkaloid Content in Italian Potato Breeding Clones Improved for Resistance against Potato Tuber Moth (Phthorimaea operculella Zeller) José Sanchez del Pulgar 1 & Massimo Lucarini 1 & Altero Aguzzi 1 & Paolo Gabrielli 1 & Bruno Parisi 2 & Daniela Pacifico 2 & Giuseppe Mandolino 2 & Ginevra Lombardi-Boccia 1 Received: 7 June 2019 / Accepted: 1 September 2020/ # European Association for Potato Research 2020
Abstract The present study evaluated the content of glycoalkaloids (α-chaconine and αsolanine) in the edible portion of six hybrid potato clones coming from the Italian potato breeding programme focused on resistance against the potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella Zeller). To evaluate the influence of agro-climatic conditions on glycoalkaloid content, the potato clones were grown for two consecutive years in the four main potato production areas in Italy. The effect of genotype, cultivation area and year, and the interaction among these factors, were studied. A large variability in glycoalkaloid concentration was found (from 16.8 to 227 mg kg−1). Among the new potato clones, three (ISCI 181/10–4, ISCI 182/10– 1 and ISCI 232/12–1) had low glycoalkaloid concentrations. Only one potato clone (ISCI 207/11–1) was over the safety limit of 200 mg kg−1. Genotypic variation was the main factor influencing glycoalkaloid accumulation, although the influence of agro-climatic conditions was also highlighted. Keywords Potato tuber worm . α-Chaconine . α-Solanine
Introduction The nutritional composition of potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.) as well as the possibility of cultivating them in a wide range of climatic conditions has
* José Sanchez del Pulgar [email protected]; [email protected]
1
CREA - Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina, 546 Rome, Italy
2
CREA - Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, Via di Corticella, 133 Bologna, Italy
Potato Research
promoted the diffusion of the potato crop worldwide. It is the most important non-grain crop worldwide. Its production was more than 375 million tonnes in 2016 (FAOSTAT 2016). Potato tubers are a carbohydrate-rich food, since about 75% of potato dry matter (20%) consists of carbohydrates. They are low in fat content and contain proteins with a high biological value (Jansen et al. 2001). Potatoes also contain a number of phytochemicals of high nutritional interest such as ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds, carotenoids and anthocyanins (Deußer et al. 2012; Ji et al. 2012; Lachman et al. 2013; Sánchez-Maldonado et al. 2014; Fernández-Orozco et al. 2013; Yang et al. 2016). Although today most cultivated potato varieties belong to the species Solanum tuberosum L. (FAO 2008), about 200 wild species have been recorded (Hawkes and Jackson 1992; JAFC 2009 Burlingame). This huge biodiversity could be significantly reduced by climate change, and it is believed that drastic climate change could reduce by 70% the areas where wild species grow naturally (FAO 2008). The loss in potato biodiversity could be an important issue sin
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