Government Domestic Budgetary Expenditures

Government domestic budgetary expenditures are a significant financing mechanism for the conservation of tropical coral reefs and such financing can be structured by taxation, environmental fines, or unique initiatives such as lottery sales or conservatio

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Conservation of Tropical Coral Reefs

Brian Joseph McFarland

Conservation of Tropical Coral Reefs A Review of Financial and Strategic Solutions

Brian Joseph McFarland Windham, NH, USA

ISBN 978-3-030-57011-8 ISBN 978-3-030-57012-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57012-5

(eBook)

© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover illustration: Emma Holman/gettyimages This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

I would like to dedicate this book to my family and friends – particularly my son Attila, my wife and dive buddy Brigitta, my dad Joseph, my mom Tamara, my brother Trevor, my brother-in-law Dani, my sister-in-law Amanda, and my mother-in-law Eva - for all their love and support. I would like to share a special dedication with my son Attila: when you are older, I hope that we, as humanity, have come up with the solutions to save tropical coral reefs and mitigate global climate change and so you can see, in person, all the wonderful animals that I used to read to you about. Likewise Attila, I began writing this book when you were three and just learning how to swim in our pool; jumping off the diving board and getting comfortable with swimming underwater with your eyes open and getting used to putting on a mask and snorkel; and how can we forget you “SCUBA diving” into pillow piles. I wish the same for my niece Adrian, my nephew Paul, and my goddaughter Olivia. I would also like to thank my former teachers Dan Bisaccio, Christopher Brooks, and Joseph Domask and the School for Field Studies for teaching me about the natural world, about how to be an analytical thinker, and opening up my mind to a world of adventurous travels. A specia