Gray matter hypertrophy in primary insomnia: a surface-based morphometric study
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Gray matter hypertrophy in primary insomnia: a surface-based morphometric study Siyi Yu 1 & Fen Feng 2 & Qi Zhang 1 & Zhifu Shen 1 & Zhengyan Wang 3 & Youping Hu 1 & Liang Gong 4,5
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract Studies have explored brain structural abnormalities in patients with primary insomnia (PI). However, most of them are based on volumetric measures, in a specific region of interest, and have small sample sizes. Here, we investigated changes in cortical morphology (thickness and volume) in PI using an advanced surface-based morphometric method. Sixty-seven patients with PI and 55 matched healthy controls were recruited for this study and underwent a structural magnetic resonance imaging scan. The reconstructed cortical surface was processed by Freesurfer 6.0. A general linear model was used to explore group differences in surface-based morphometric features. Furthermore, the association between these cortical features and clinical characteristics were assessed in the PI group. Compared to controls, PI patients showed cortical thickening in the left orbital frontal cortex (OFC), right rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC), left middle cingulate cortex (MCC), bilateral insula, left superior parietal lobule (SPL), and right fusiform area (FFA), and showed increased cortical volume in the left OFC, right rACC, bilateral rostral middle frontal gyrus, and right FFA. Cortical thickness in the right OFC and FFA was positively correlated with the severity of insomnia in the PI group, suggesting a right-lateralized relationship. This study was the first to explore multiple-scale cortical morphometric changes in a relatively large sample of PI patients. Our results suggest that hypertrophic cortical morphology may underlie the neuropathology of primary insomnia. Keywords Primary insomnia . Structural MRI . Hypertrophy . Surface-based morphometry
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-018-9992-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Youping Hu [email protected] * Liang Gong [email protected] 1
Department of Acupuncture & Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 37 Shierqiao Road, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, China
2
Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, Sichuan, China
3
Department of Pain Management, Sichuan Integrative Medicine Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
4
Department of Neurology, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, No. 10 Qingyunnan Road, Chengdu 610017, Sichuan, China
5
Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
Introduction Primary insomnia (PI) is a common sleep disorder characterized by difficulties in initiating sleep, maintaining sleep, and/ or early morning awakening that occurs for at least 1 month (Associat
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