Group Extensions, Representations, and the Schur Multiplicator

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958

F: Rudolf Beyl

JUrgen Tappe

Group Extensions, Representations, and the Schur Multiplicator

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York 1982

Authors

F Rudolf Beyl Mathematisches Institut der Universitat 1m Neuenheimer Feld 288, 6900 Heidelberg, Germany JUrgen Tappe Lehrstuhl fur Mathematik Rhein.-Westf. Technische Hochschule Aachen Templergraben 55, 5100 Aachen, Germany

AMS Subject Classifications (1980): 20C25, 20E22, 20J05, 20C20, 20E10,20J06 ISBN 3-540-11954-X Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN 0-387-11954-X Springer-Verlag New York Heidelberg Berlin This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under § 54 of the German Copyright Law where copies are made for other than private use, a fee is payable to "Verwertungsgesellschaft Wort", Munich.

© by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1982 Printed in Germany Printing and binding: Beltz Offsetdruck, Hemsbach/Bergstr. 2146/3140-543210

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction Chapter 1.

1 Group Extensions with Abelian Kernel

1. The Calculus of Induced Extensions

5

2. The Exact Sequence for Opext

19

3. The Schur Multiplicator and the Universal Coefficient Theorem

28

4. The Ganea Map of Central Extensions

40

5. Compatibility with Other Approaches

47

6. Corestriction (Transfer)

58

Chapter II.

Schur's Theory of Projective Representations

1. Projective Representations

67

2. The Problem of Lifting Homomorphisms

77

3. Representation Groups

91

4. Representation Groups of Free and Direct Products

101

5. The Covering Theory of Perfect Groups

113

Chapter III.

Isoclinism

1. Isoclinic Groups and Central Extensions

123

2. Isoclinism and the Schur Multiplicator

137

3. The Isomorphism Classes of Isoclinic Central Extensions and the Hall Formulae

144

4. On Presentations of Isoclinic Groups

155

5. Representations of Isoclinic Groups

169

IV

Chapter IV.

Other Group-Theoretic Applications of the Schur Multiplicator

1. Deficiency of Finitely Presented Groups

179

2. Metacyclic Groups

193

3. The Precise Center of an Extension Group and Capable Groups

204

4. Examples of the Computation of Z*(G)

213

5. Preliminaries on Group Varieties

227

6. Central Extensions and Varieties

233

7. Schur-Baer MUltiplicators and Isologism

244

Bibliography

261

Index of Special Symbols

271

Subject Index

274

INTRODUCTION

The aim of these notes is a unified treatment of various grouptheoretic topics for which, as it turns out, the Schur multiplicator is the key.

At the beginning of this century, classical projective

geometry was at its peak, while representation theory was growing in the hands of Frobenius and Burnside.

In this climate our subject

started with the two important papers of Schur [1],[2] on the projective representations of finite groups. But it was only in the light of the much more rec