Growth of ultra-dense MoS 2 nanosheets on carbon fibers to improve the mechanical and tribological properties of polyimi
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ISSN 2223-7690 CN 10-1237/TH
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Growth of ultra-dense MoS2 nanosheets on carbon fibers to improve the mechanical and tribological properties of polyimide composites Jin YANG, Qingfeng XIAO, Zhe LIN, Yong LI, Xiaohua JIA*, Haojie SONG* School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China Received: 29 February 2020 / Revised: 20 April 2020 / Accepted: 03 June 2020
© The author(s) 2020. Abstract: To enhance the interface bonding of polyimide (PI)/carbon fiber (CF) composites, CFs were functionalized by introducing a polydopamine (PDA) transition layer, whose active groups provide absorption sites for the growth of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets and improve the bonding strength with PI. Uniform and dense MoS 2 nanosheets with thicknesses of 30–40 nm on the surface of the PDA@CF were obtained via a subsequent hydrothermal method. As a result, the interface between the CF and the PI matrix becomes more compact with the help of the PDA transition layer and MoS2 nanosheets. This is beneficial in forming PI/CF–MoS2 composites with better thermal stability, higher tensile strength, and enhanced tribological properties. The lubricating and reinforcing effects of the hybrid CF–MoS2 in the PI composite are discussed in detail. The tensile strength of the PI/CF–MoS2 composite increases by 43%, and the friction coefficient and the wear rate reduce by 57% and 77%, respectively, compared to those of the pure PI. These values are higher than those of the PI/CF composites without MoS2 nanosheets. These results indicate that the CF–MoS2 hybrid material can be used as an additive to improve the mechanical and tribological properties of polymers. Keywords: carbon fibers (CFs); polydopamine; MoS2 nanosheets; interface; tribology
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Introduction
Polyimide (PI) exhibits both good stability and excellent mechanical properties. It is one of the most important high-performance polymers and has been widely used in the aerospace and microelectronics fields [1–3]. Nevertheless, the high friction coefficient and poor wear resistance of pure PI limit its application in tribology [4]. It is well known that the addition of fillers constitutes an effective method for improving the tribological properties of polymers [5, 6]. Carbon fibers (CFs) are commonly used to improve the tribological properties of several materials owing to their excellent mechanical, friction-reducing,
and anti-wear characteristics as well as their uniform dispersion in a polymer matrix [7–13]. However, the interface between a CF and PI is poor because of the chemical inertness and low surface energy of the former component. Moreover, the CF can be easily detached from the matrix during friction, resulting in a lower than expected material performance [14–16]. Currently, the binding force between the CF and matrix is improved by growing nanoparticles, nanorods, and nanosheets onto the CF. This strategy incre
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