Halophytic Vegetation in Bulgaria
The study provides summarized information for the halophytic vegetation in Bulgaria. This vegetation is traditionally split into two main ecological groups – euhalophytic or typical halophytic (Therosalicornietea, Juncetea maritimi, Crypsidetea aculeatae,
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Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Euhalophytic Vegetation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Subhalophytic Vegetation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Syntaxonomic Scheme of Euhalophytic and Subhalophytic Vegetation in Bulgaria . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Abstract
The study provides summarized information for the halophytic vegetation in Bulgaria. This vegetation is traditionally split into two main ecological groups – euhalophytic or typical halophytic (Therosalicornietea, Juncetea maritimi, Crypsidetea aculeatae, Festuco-Puccinellietea) and subhalophytic (MolinioArrhenatheretea, Phragmito-Magnocaricetea) communities. Totally, 19 halophytic and subhalophytic associations are found in Bulgaria until now. However, some important questions about their syntaxonomic positions on the association and on the higher level, as well as their phytogeographic relationships, are still not resolved. There are many halophytic and especially subhalophytic vegetation types which are only fragmentarily known or even not completely studied. This research has summarized the existing information for this vegetation type and has also identified some gaps and probable future efforts for improving the knowledge of this vegetation type. R. Tzonev (*) Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridsky”, Sofia, Bulgaria Ch. Gussev Department of Applied Botany, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 M. N. Grigore (ed.), Handbook of Halophytes, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17854-3_8-1
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R. Tzonev and Ch. Gussev
Keywords
Classification · Saline soils · Plant communities · Syntaxonomy
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Introduction
The geographical (mostly relief and climate) conditions in Bulgaria do not presuppose very wide distribution of saline soils and respectively of typical halophytic vegetation. According to Ninov (2002), the most widespread are Solonchaks and solonetz, which are mostly of a secondary origin – on the places of former fluvisols, Histosols, and other soils of swampy and meadow ar
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