Handbook of Epistemology
Epistemology or theory of knowledge has always been one of the most important -if not the most important -field of philosophy. New arguments are constantly brought to bear on old views, new variants are marshalled to revive ancient stands, new concepts an
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HANDBOOK OF EPISTEMOLOGY
Edited by ILKKA NIINILUOTO University of Helsinki, Finland
MATTI SINTONEN University of Tampere, Finland
and
JAN WOLEN-SKI Jagielionian University, Cracow, Poland
SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-94-015-6969-9 ISBN 978-1-4020-1986-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4020-1986-9
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved © 2004 by Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2004 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2004 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.
TABLE OF CONTENTS vii
FOREWORD CONTRffiUTORS
IX
INTRODUCTION JANWOLENSKI: The History of Epistemology
3
PART I: SOURCES OF KNOWLEDGE AND BELIEF 1. ROBERT AUOI: Perception and Consciousness
57
2. ELIZABETH FRICKER: Testimony: Knowing through Being Told
109
3. RICHARD SAMUELS, STEPHEN STICH, AND Luc FAUCHER: Reason and Rationality
131
PART II: KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION 4. KEVIN KELLY: Learning Theory and Epistemology
183
5. MATTI SINTONEN AND MIKA KIIKERI: Scientific Discovery
205
6. SVEN OVE HANSSON: Belief Revision from an Epistemological Point of View
255
PART III: TRUTH AND JUSTIFICATION 7. ROBERT SHOPE: The Analysis of Knowing
283
8. MARIAN DAVID: Theories of Truth
331
9. SUSAN HAACK: Realism
415
10. GORAN SUNDHOLM: Antirealism and the Roles of Truth
437
11. MARKUS LAMMENRANTA: Theories of Justification
467
12. PAUL WEIRICH: Belief and Acceptance
499 521
13. ILKKA NIINILUOTO: Induction v
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART IV: EPISTEMOLOGY AND AREAS OF KNOWLEDGE 14. PAUL HUMPHREYS: Scientific Knowledge
549
15. ROMAN MURAWSKI: Mathematical Knowledge
571
16. JOSEPH MARGOLIS: Knowledge in the Humanities and Social Sciences
607
l7. TOM STONEHAM: Self-Knowledge
647
18. KEITH YANDELL: The Epistemology of Religious Belief
673
19. KENT JOHNSON AND ERNIE LEPORE: Knowledge and Semantic Competence 707 PART V: SPECIAL TOPICS 20. MICHAEL BRADIE: Naturalism and Evolutionary Epistemologies
735
21. HARVEY SIEGEL: Relativism
747
22. JAN WOLENSKI: Analytic vs. Synthetic and A Priori vs. A Posteriori
781
23. FREDERICK SCHMITT: Epistemology and Cognitive Science
841
24. DAVID BLOOR: Sociology of Scientific Knowledge
919
25. WOLFGANG LENZEN: Epistemic Logic
963
26. DAVID NOVITz: Knowledge and Art
985
27 . KATHLEEN LENNON: Feminist Epistemology
1013
INDEX OF NAMES
1027
SUBJECT INDEX
1041
FOREWORD Epistemology or theory of knowledge has always been one of the most important - if not the most important - field of philosophy. New arguments are constantly brought to bear on old view
