Handbook of Optimization in Medicine

Handbook of Optimization in Medicine is devoted to examining the dramatic increase in the application of effective optimization techniques to the delivery of health care. The articles, written by experts from the areas of optimization (operations research

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Springer Optimization and Its Applications VOLUME 26 Managing Editor Panos M. Pardalos (University of Florida) Editor—Combinatorial Optimization Ding-Zhu Du (University of Texas at Dallas) Advisory Board J. Birge (University of Chicago) C.A. Floudas (Princeton University) F. Giannessi (University of Pisa) H.D. Sherali (Virginia Polytechnic and State University) T. Terlaky (McMaster University) Y. Ye (Stanford University)

Aims and Scope Optimization has been expanding in all directions at an astonishing rate during the last few decades. New algorithmic and theoretical techniques have been developed, the diffusion into other disciplines has proceeded at a rapid pace, and our knowledge of all aspects of the field has grown even more profound. At the same time, one of the most striking trends in optimization is the constantly increasing emphasis on the interdisciplinary nature of the field. Optimization has been a basic tool in all areas of applied mathematics, engineering, medicine, economics and other sciences. The Springer Series in Optimization and Its Applications publishes undergraduate and graduate textbooks, monographs and state-of-the-art expository works that focus on algorithms for solving optimization problems and also study applications involving such problems. Some of the topics covered include nonlinear optimization (convex and nonconvex), network flow problems, stochastic optimization, optimal control, discrete optimization, multiobjective programming, description of software packages, approximation techniques and heuristic approaches.

HANDBOOK OF OPTIMIZATION IN MEDICINE

Edited By PANOS M. PARDALOS University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA H. EDWIN ROMEIJN The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

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Editors Panos M. Pardalos University of Florida Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering USA [email protected]

H. Edwin Romeijn The University of Michigan Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering USA [email protected]

ISBN: 978-0-387-09769-5 e-ISBN: 978-0-387-09770-1 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-09770-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2008938075 Mathematics Subject Classifications (2000): 90-XX, 92C50, 90C90 c Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009  All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.

Cover illustration: Photo of the Parthenon in Acropolis, Athens, taken by Elias Tyligada. Pr