Harmonisation of Test Methods for the Execution of the European Construction Products Directive (CPD). Validation of a E
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Harmonisation of Test Methods for the Execution of the European Construction Products Directive (CPD). Validation of a European Leaching Test for Construction Products Holger Nebel • Gerhard Spanka
Received: 11 October 2012 / Accepted: 10 February 2013 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013
Abstract CEN/TC 351 ‘‘Construction products: Assessment of release of dangerous substances’’ worked out three drafts for harmonised test methods, which are necessary for the implementation of the Essential Requirement No. 3 ‘‘Hygiene, Health and the Environment’’ of the Construction Products Directive. One of these standards describes the tank leaching test, which is intended for the determination of the leaching of inorganic and organic substances from monolithic construction products. Before the CEN/ TC 351 test methods can achieve the status of European standards (EN), robustness testing and, as a second validation step, round robin tests are necessary. In a research project funded by the German Environmental Agency (UBA), the robustness of the tank leaching test was investigated—in agreement with CEN/TC 351—for concrete and mortar. During these investigations, the preliminary storage times of the test specimen, the test temperature, the contact time, etc., were varied. For the mortar, the TOC-release was determined besides inorganic parameters. The results for the potassium-release, the sodium-release and the TOC-release can be interpreted in such a way that the test method by itself is robust. For trace elements and anions, the range of the results is wider; this is probably due to the very low leached amounts for many parameters, which are often near or below the quantification limit. H. Nebel Institute of Building Materials Research of the RWTH, Aachen University (ibac), Schinkelstraße 3, 52062 Aachen, Germany e-mail: [email protected] G. Spanka (&) German Cement Works Association (VDZ), Tannenstraße 2, 40476 Du¨sseldorf, Germany e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords Construction Products Directive Essential Requirement Tank leaching test Robustness testing Cementitious construction products
Introduction Construction products as defined by the European Construction Products Directive (CPD) are building materials, structural elements and installations that are permanently incorporated in structural buildings and civil engineering installations, as well as prefabricated installations, such as prefabricated houses, garages and silos [1]. In the future, the CPD will be replaced by the Construction Products Regulation (CPR), which was published on 4 April 2011 in the Official Journal of the Union [2]. However, the CPD and the CPR both require that construction products placed on the European internal market must comply with all ‘‘Essential Requirements’’ such as mechanical resistance and stability, safety in case of fire and safety in use. In addition to these requirements, which are traditionally laid down in construction laws, the CPD and CPR make specific reference to hy
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