Hedgehog signaling regulates regenerative patterning and growth in Harmonia axyridis leg
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Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Hedgehog signaling regulates regenerative patterning and growth in Harmonia axyridis leg Hang Zhou1 · Zhongzheng Ma1 · Zhiqi Wang1 · Shuo Yan1 · Dan Wang1 · Jie Shen1 Received: 28 January 2020 / Revised: 7 August 2020 / Accepted: 26 August 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Appendage regeneration has been widely studied in many species. Compared to other animal models, Harmonia axyridis has the advantage of a short life cycle, is easily reared, has strong regeneration capacity and contains systemic RNAi, making it a model organism for research on appendage regeneration. Here, we performed transcriptome analysis, followed by gene functional assays to reveal the molecular mechanism of H. axyridis leg regenerative growth process. Signaling pathways including Decapentaplegic (Dpp), Wingless (Wg), Ds/Ft/Hippo, Notch, Egfr, and Hedgehog (Hh) were all upregulated during the leg regenerative patterning and growth. Among these, Hh and its auxiliary receptor Lrp2 were required for the proper patterning and growth of the regenerative leg. The targets of canonical Hh signaling were required for the regenerative growth which contributes to the leg length, but were not essential for the pattern formation of the regenerative leg. dpp, wg and leg developmental-related genes including rn, dac and Dll were all regulated by hh and lrp2 and may play an essential role in the regenerative patterning of the leg. Keywords Ladybug · Leg amputation · Leg regeneration · Appendage regeneration · Blastema
Introduction Some organisms have regeneration capacity to restore the lost body parts by remodeling and growth from the remaining tissues [1]. From vertebrates to invertebrates, many model organisms have been found to possess such ability. Drosophila melanogaster has been intensively studied to reveal the genetic and molecular mechanism due to its convenient genetic manipulation. Meanwhile, the wing and leg imaginal discs of D. melanogaster have less regenerative ability because they are hard to regenerate to normal size [2–6]. Two-spotted crickets and axolotls have been used as the main leg regeneration models during the larval stage in Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-020-03631-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Dan Wang [email protected] * Jie Shen [email protected] 1
Department of Entomology and MOA Lab for Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
invertebrate and vertebrates, respectively [7–9]. In addition, as an appendage, fin regeneration in zebrafish was also well studied [10–12]. At the beginning of Drosophila imaginal discs regeneration, JNK signaling is activated in response to the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promote wound healing [4, 13, 14]. For a formed appendage in two-spotted cricket Gryllus bimaculatus, the blastema consisting of proliferative cells is formed at the wound [15]
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