Helminth diversity in Pimelodus blochii Valenciennes, 1840 (Osteichthyes: Pimelodidae) in two Amazon Rivers
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FISH PARASITOLOGY - ORIGINAL PAPER
Helminth diversity in Pimelodus blochii Valenciennes, 1840 (Osteichthyes: Pimelodidae) in two Amazon Rivers Pedro Hercílio de Oliveira Cavalcante 1,2 & Maralina Torres da Silva 1,2 Rosana Gentile 4 & Cláudia Portes Santos 5
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Aldenice de Nazaré Silva Pereira 3
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Received: 5 June 2020 / Accepted: 24 September 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Structure of the helminth community and analyses of helminth population parameters of Pimelodus blochii collected in the Xapuri River in comparison with those in the Acre River were evaluated. Eight adult helminth species were found parasitizing P. blochii in the Acre River: the nematodes Orientatractis moraveci, Rondonia rondoni, Philometroides acreanensis, Cucullanus (Cucculanus) pinai pinai, Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) pimelodus, Rhadochona acuminata, and Brasilnema sp., and the trematode Dadaytrema oxycephala. For Xapuri’s fishes, nine helminth species were found: the nematodes O. moraveci, R. rondoni, C. (C.) pinai pinai, Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) rarus, P. (S.) pimelodus, R. acuminata, Brasilnema sp., and Cystidicolidae gen. sp., and the trematode D. oxycephala. Nematode and Acanthocephala larvae were also reported. Helminth abundance, prevalence, and diversity were influenced by seasonality and locality (river). The helminth parasites from Acre’s fishes formed a subset of the helminth community of the Xapuri’s. The results indicate an influence of the environmental characteristics of the rivers on the helminth community structure and diversity. This is the first study of the parasite community of P. blochii in the Xapuri River. The paretheses of (Spirocamallanus) and (S.) should not be in italics all along the text and tables. Keywords Host-parasite relationship . Freshwater fish . Xapuri River . Acre River . Western Amazonia
Introduction The constant changes in the natural environments caused by the anthropic activities may alter the species composition as well as the structure of the biological communities. This Section Editor: Guillermo Salgado-Maldonado * Cláudia Portes Santos [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Instituto Federal do Acre, Campus Rio Branco, Rio Branco, AC, Brazil
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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Saúde, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Instituto Federal do Pará, Campus Abaetetuba, Abaetetuba, PA, Brazil
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Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-360, Brazil
process may favor certain species to the detriment of others, thus affecting biodiversity. In addition, disturbances in the environment may also favor the occurrence of parasites and alter their distributions (Combes 2001), influencing the hostparasite interactions in natural ecosystems. The dumping of human sewage from cities in rivers is one of the most
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