Hierarchical Production Planning
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Hazard Rate
▶ Linear Inequality
▶ Distribution Selection for Stochastic Modeling ▶ Failure-Rate Function ▶ Reliability of Stochastic Systems
Hamiltonian Tour Health Care Management In an undirected connected graph, a Hamiltonian tour is a sequence of edges that passes through each node of the graph exactly once.
Yasar A. Ozcan Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
See Introduction ▶ Graph Theory ▶ Traveling Salesman Problem
Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman Equation Condition specifying a partial differential equation that the (optimal) value function must satisfy in an optimal control problem, analogous to the Bellman optimality equation in dynamic programming.
See ▶ Bellman Optimality Equation ▶ Dynamic Programming ▶ Optimal Control
The techniques of operations research have found their way into health care management, not just in the logistical and managerial support of clinical services, but in the central decision processes of disease screening, diagnosis and therapy, and in medical education. Hundreds of citations to operations research and its associated analytical techniques are to be found in the medical literature and are accessible in the U.S. National Library of Medicine’s on-line MEDLARS system. The early applications spawned new professional organizations and journals, now thriving in the medical arena. Many operations research applications are indexed to the near synonymous term, Medical Informatics, the application of computers and information technology to the broad field of health care. Operations research techniques that most frequently applied to solve managerial issues in health care organizations can be
S.I. Gass, M.C. Fu (eds.), Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-1153-7, # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
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found in health care management text books (Ozcan 2009; Shiver and Eitel 2009). To understand the position of operations research in the medical literature, a simple rule helps: medical informatics relates to medicine and health care as operations research relates to the work of business and industry. Both place a heavy emphasis on exploitation of the potentials of computer and information technologies. In addition to these, in conjunction with bioengineering and medical physics, more recent advances in computational biology and medical applications had used OR in treatment design and in genomics. These applications range from optimizing the dose and location of radiation treatments to optimization and simulation models to identify correct diagnosis and treatment for genetic variants of some diseases (Greenberg et al. 2009); similarly, using optimization and extensive classification systems to predict immunity to a vaccine without exposing individuals to infection (Lee 2010); abnormal brain activity (Chaovalitwongse et al. 2008). In short, to address contemporary issues in health care, diverse disciplines including electrical engineering, biomedical engineering, industrial engineering, and medicin
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