High compression rate, based on the RLS adaptive algorithm in progressive image transmission
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ORIGINAL PAPER
High compression rate, based on the RLS adaptive algorithm in progressive image transmission Nooshin Abdollahi1,2 · Kamal Shahtalebi1
· Mohamad Farzan Sabahi1
Received: 23 June 2020 / Revised: 30 September 2020 / Accepted: 14 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The purpose of this paper is to develop a novel method based on recursive least squares (RLS) adaptive algorithm for progressive image transmission (PIT). The image is divided into non-overlapping blocks. Having an agreed vector sequence between the transmitter and the receiver, each block is related to a regressive model. Meanwhile, at the transmitter the blocks are estimated using the RLS algorithm. The high correlation between error vectors, regarding to the RLS execution, causes a very high compression rate in their transmission. The error vectors at the receiver are used to run the RLS algorithm and to estimate the image in a same manner. The method is easy to implement with a low computational complexity and achieves high quality, compared to other well-known methods. In comparison with its counterparts, simulation results show how efficient the proposed method is. Keywords Progressive image transmission · RLS algorithm · Linear regression
1 Introduction Researchers have been always looking for efficient methods to compress and transmit images. These methods are designed differently based on the application in which they are applied. Some of them are based on progressive image transmission (PIT) techniques. In short, in PIT methods the process of transmitting an image is divided into several stages. In the first stage, a coarse version of the original image is sent to the receiver, and soon after that, the receiver can decide whether data transferring to be continued or stopped. If transferring is to be continued, the image quality will be increased slowly in next stage(s). At the stage in which the receiver feels the image quality is fine and does not need qual-
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Kamal Shahtalebi [email protected] Nooshin Abdollahi [email protected]; [email protected] Mohamad Farzan Sabahi [email protected]
1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2
Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
ity betterment, transmitting can be stopped and bandwidth and time consuming will be halted. This technique is suitable especially when there is a limited available bandwidth and it takes a long time for a network user to browse and download a high-quality image completely (e.g., network browsing), and the user prefers to watch a coarse image at first. Many PIT methods have been introduced or applied in various applications. For instance, in [1] by applying orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, a PIT method was developed. A real-time technique for transmitting a secret image progressively was described in [2]. Authors in both [3] and [4] have introduced new algorithms for ownersh
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