High Pressure Conduit: A Good Alternative to the Air Compressors Used in the Flotation Process
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RESEARCH ARTICLE-CIVIL ENGINEERING
High Pressure Conduit: A Good Alternative to the Air Compressors Used in the Flotation Process 1 Kür¸sat Sekerci ¸
· M. Cihat Tuna2
Received: 14 May 2020 / Accepted: 5 November 2020 © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2020
Abstract Flotation is used in various fields ranging from wastewater treatment to ore processing in mining. Flotation is largely based on aeration and oxygen transfer. By using water engineering principles, a significant amount of air bubbles can be transferred to the water in a short time. Today, conduits are the most important hydraulic structures used in aeration. The air taken from the atmosphere with the help of the air hole opening into the conduit is given to the water in bubbles. A large number of bubbles in the form of air flow accelerates the transfer of oxygen. As a result of these processes, flotation efficiency increases parallel to the aeration efficiency. In this study, a pressurized conduit integrated into the flotation cell and air bubbles are introduced into the system. In the pilot scale flotation system, the effect of various physical parameters such as conduit opening ratio, air intake hole length and diameter on flotation efficiency are investigated. Results indicate that this new system provides a very high amount of air bubbles to the flotation cell and the physical properties of the air intake hole has a significant effect on the amount of air entering the column (cell). Keywords Flotation · Hydraulic structures · Conduit · Aeration
List of Symbols E 20 Fr ϕ HL d K Q Qa Qw Vc g
B
Aeration efficiency at 20° Froude number based on effective depth in conduit Ratio of water cross-sectional flow area to conduit cross-sectional area The length of the conduit air intake hole The diameter of the conduit air intake hole The conduit opening ratio Flow rates Air flow rate measured through air hole Water flow rate in conduit Water velocity vena contracta region Acceleration of gravity
Kür¸sat Sekerci ¸ [email protected] M. Cihat Tuna [email protected]
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Turkey
2
Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey
hc Cc h B Aw Ww E gl σ σ g-l Rb E gl+gs σl−s Sls σg−s Sgs Ωb (Vi ) c1 and c2 α ε
Vena contracta region flow depth Coefficient The amount of gate opening Conduit width Conduit air intake hole area Water flow velocity rate in conduit Energy consumed to overcome the energy of the gas–liquid interface tension Surface tension Gas–liquid surface tension Bubble radius Energy consumed to overcome the energy of the gas–liquid interface tension and gas–solid interface tension Liquid–solid surface tension Liquid–solid contact area Gas–solid surface tension Gas–solid contact area Bubble breakup frequency Adjustable parameters Volume fraction of disperse phase Turbulent energy dissipation rate
123
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering
1 Introduction Flotation by aeration meth
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