High-Temperature Interactions Between Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite Carbon Composite Hot Briquettes and Pellets Under Simu
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MANSHENG CHU, ZHENGGEN LIU, HONGTAO WANG, JUE TANG, and ZIWEI YING are with the School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China. Contact e-mail: [email protected]. Manuscript submitted August 26, 2018. Article published online June 11, 2019. 1878—VOLUME 50B, AUGUST 2019
INTRODUCTION
AS a type of complex iron ore containing iron, vanadium, titanium, etc., vanadium-titanium magnetite (VTM) is widely distributed in China, the Americas, Russia, and South Africa. In China, there are approximately 18 billion tons of VTM deposits in the Panxi and Chengde Districts.[1–3] Presently, VTM concentrate, following sintering and pelletizing, is conventionally used as the raw material for the blast furnace (BF) smelting process. However, according to on-site production practices, some problems remain in the BF smelting VTM process, such as high coking rates, low METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B
gas utilizations, and low vanadium yields.[4,5] These problems are mainly attributed to the poor reducibility of the VTM sinter and the VTM pellet, poor gas permeability of the packed bed, and precipitation of Ti(C, N). Carbon composite iron ore hot briquettes (CCB) have been proposed as a new type of BF burden with the aim of achieving low-carbon and low-temperature iron production.[6–9] CCB exhibits great reducibility because the coal and iron ore in CCB closely adjoin, which accelerates carbon gasification and iron oxide reduction.[10] Based on the advantages of CCB, we propose the preparation and application of VTM-CCB to improve the BF smelting VTM. In our previous studies,[11–13] the preparation parameters, compressive strength, reduction mechanisms and kinetics, and volumetric shrinking characteristics of VTM-CCB were systematically investigated. All the research results showed that the VTM-CCB exhibited excellent metallurgical properties and met the basic requirements for BF smelting. To further evaluate the feasibility of BF smelting VTM-CCB, the effect of VTM-CCB charging on the reduction and the melting/dripping behaviors of the packed bed should be investigated and explained. In the BF smelting process, the interaction between different iron-bearing materials significantly affects the softening–melting property of mixed burden, thereby influencing the cohesive zone. Wu et al.[14,15] found that the interaction between the sinter of high basicity and lump ores would improve the formation temperature interval, the viscosity, and the fluidity of the primary slag. She et al.[16] investigated the softening–melting–dripping properties of mixed burden with charging metallized pellets and demonstrated that the softening–melting properties of the lump ores, or oxidized pellets, were dramatically improved by interaction between the lump ores (or oxidized pellets) and the metallized pellets, while there was no obvious interaction between the sinter and the metallized pellets. Kaushik and Fruehan[17] studied the interaction between acid and olivine fluxed pellets and illustrated that the interaction of materia
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