History of Prison

The chapter begins by providing an overview of the history of prisons, the penal system as well as prison conditions during three periods in Iran: the Qajar, Pahlavi, and the 1979 Islamic Revolution. The main technique used to exercise power in Qajar soci

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Prison in Iran A Known Unknown

Nahid Rahimipour Anaraki

Palgrave Studies in Prisons and Penology

Series Editors Ben Crewe Institute of Criminology University of Cambridge Cambridge, UK Yvonne Jewkes Social & Policy Sciences University of Bath Bath, UK Thomas Ugelvik Faculty of Law University of Oslo Oslo, Norway

This is a unique and innovative series, the first of its kind dedicated entirely to prison scholarship. At a historical point in which the prison population has reached an all-time high, the series seeks to analyse the form, nature and consequences of incarceration and related forms of punishment. Palgrave Studies in Prisons and Penology provides an ­important forum for burgeoning prison research across the world. Series Advisory Board: Anna Eriksson (Monash University) Andrew M. Jefferson (DIGNITY - Danish Institute Against Torture) Shadd Maruna (Rutgers University) Jonathon Simon (Berkeley Law, University of California) Michael Welch (Rutgers University) More information about this series at http://www.palgrave.com/gp/series/14596

Nahid Rahimipour Anaraki

Prison in Iran A Known Unknown

Nahid Rahimipour Anaraki Memorial University St. John’s, NL, Canada

Palgrave Studies in Prisons and Penology ISBN 978-3-030-57168-9    ISBN 978-3-030-57169-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57169-6 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and ­transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Acknowledgments

This work would not have been possible without inspiration, guidance, support, and encouragement of various individuals who I have had a chance to meet in my life. These in