Host and altitude factors affect rumen bacteria in cattle
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BACTERIAL FUNGAL AND VIRUS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY - RESEARCH PAPER
Host and altitude factors affect rumen bacteria in cattle Dongwang Wu 1 & Paramintra Vinitchaikul 2 & Mingyue Deng 1 & Guangrong Zhang 1 & Liyuan Sun 1 & Xiao Gou 1 & Huaming Mao 1 & Shuli Yang 1 Received: 7 July 2020 / Accepted: 9 September 2020 # Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia 2020
Abstract There are many kinds of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract of mammals, some of which are closely related to the host. Rumen microorganisms are essential for normal physiological activities of their host by decomposing plant crude lignin and providing essential nutrients. The composition and diversity of this microbial population are influenced by the host, environment, and diet. Despite its importance, little is known about the effects of factors such as altitude variation on rumen microbial population abundance and diversity in different ruminants. Here, we described the changes in overall rumen bacteria in four groups of cattle, including the Zhongdian yellow cattle and Zhongdian yaks, grazing at high altitudes (3600 m); the Jiangcheng yellow cattle and Jiangcheng buffalo were kept at an altitude of 1100 m. We found that there was a significant difference in rumen bacterial abundance of the Zhongdian yellow cattle and Zhongdian yaks at high altitude and there was obvious homogeneity in rumen bacterial abundance and diversity in the Jiangcheng yellow cattle and Jiangcheng buffalo at low altitude. Therefore, our research concluded that under the same dietary environment, there were differences in the abundance and diversity of certain bacteria in the rumen of different breeds of cattle, indicating that host genetic factors and intestinal microorganisms related to altitudinal variation had a greater influence on rumen bacterial abundance in the cattle. Keywords Rumen microbiology . Microbiome . Bacteria . Altitudinal variation . Host type
Introduction There are very complex interactions between mammals and microbial community in the gut. Gut microbiota play an important role in keeping mammals healthy [1–3]. Intestinal microorganisms affect the host endocrine system function through a variety of bacteria-derived metabolites [4]. There are many factors that affect mammalian gut microbiota, such as variations in the altitude, diet, breed, and genetic factors. There are many new ideas about the effects of microbial
Dongwang Wu, Paramintra Vinitchaikul and Mingyue Deng contributed equally to this work. Responsible Editor: Acacio Aparecido Navarrete. * Shuli Yang [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, People’s Republic of China
2
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
population and host, altitude, and diet. Presently, much microbial diversity in mammalian gut is unknown because most microorganisms cannot be cultured in vitro. Most ruminant anaerobe are very sensitive to oxygen due to their diverse and c
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