How does urban expansion interact with cropland loss? A comparison of 14 Chinese cities from 1980 to 2015
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
How does urban expansion interact with cropland loss? A comparison of 14 Chinese cities from 1980 to 2015 Ying Tu
. Bin Chen . Le Yu . Qinchuan Xin . Peng Gong . Bing Xu
Received: 3 April 2020 / Accepted: 3 October 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Context Characterized by intensive urban sprawl and continuous cropland shrinkage, the unprecedented urbanization process has profoundly reshaped China’s landscape over the past four decades. However, the interaction between urban expansion and cropland loss in China at a finer spatiotemporal resolution remains unclear. Objectives This study aims to quantify and compare the rates, patterns, dynamics, and interactions of urban expansion and cropland loss in 14 Chinese cities during 1980–2015.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-020-01137-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Y. Tu L. Yu P. Gong B. Xu (&) Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China e-mail: [email protected] B. Chen Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
Methods Multiple landscape metrics were calculated to quantify the magnitudes, rates, and patterns of urban expansion and cropland loss for each city. The standard deviation ellipse analysis and two quantitative indices (the dependence and the contribution of urban expansion on cropland loss) were used to characterize the relationship between urban expansion and cropland loss. Results The pattern of rapid urban expansion and extensive cropland loss was observed across all selected cities (except for Harbin), with the averaged expansion area of 764.17 km2 and averaged loss area of 650.83 km2 per city. The primary mode of urbanization was the edge-expansion (6889.22 km2, 60.01%), followed by the infilling (2767.32 km2, 24,11%) and the outlying (1822.72 km2, 15.88%). Urban expansion was identified to be the dominant driver of cropland loss, accounting for 84.99% of the newly expanded urban land and 74.36% of the lost P. Gong B. Xu Tsinghua Urban Institute, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China P. Gong B. Xu Center for Healthy Cities, Institute for China Sustainable Urbanization, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100875, China
Q. Xin School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Landscape Ecol
cropland in total, thus leading to a more spatially irregular and fragmented distribution of the cropland. Conclusions The balance between urbanization and land protection is still challenging. Here we advocate more effective policy-driven practices to protect China’s existing cropland for food security and sustainable development goals. Keywords Urbanization Cropland loss Cropland fragmentation China
Introduction Land use and land cover activities reflect human transformation on
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