How to Simulate the Microstructure Induced by a Nuclear Reactor with an Ion Beam Facility : DART
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1215-V13-03
How to Simulate the Microstructure induced by a Nuclear reactor with an Ion Beam facility: DART Laurence Luneville1, David Simeone2, Gianguido Baldinozzi 3, Dominique Gosset2, Yves Serruys4 1
CEA/DEN/DANS/DM2S/SERMA/LLPR, Matériaux Fonctionnels pour l'Energie, Equipe Mixte CEA-CNRS-ECP, CE Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, 91191, France 2 CEA/DEN/DANS/DMN/SRMA/LA2M, Matériaux Fonctionnels pour l'Energie, Equipe Mixte CEA-CNRS-ECP, CE Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, 91191, France 3 CNRS, Matériaux Fonctionnels pour l'Energie, Equipe Mixte CEA-CNRS-ECP, SPMS, ECP, Chatenay-Malabry, 92292, France 4 CEA/DEN/DANS/DMN/SRMP, CE Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, 91191, France
ABSTRACT Even if the Binary Collision Approximation (BCA) does not take into account relaxation processes at the end of the displacement cascade, the amount of displaced atoms calculated within this framework can be used to compare damages induced by irradiation at different facilities like pressurized water reactors (PWR), fast breeder reactors (FBR), high temperature reactors (HTR) and ion beam facilities on a defined material. In this paper, a formalism is presented to evaluate the displacement cross-sections pointing out the effect of the anisotropy of nuclear reactions. From this formalism, the impact of fast neutrons (with a kinetic energy En larger than 1 MeV) is accurately described. This point allows calculating accurately the displacement per atom rates as well as primary and weighted recoil spectra. Such spectra provide useful information to select masses and energies of ions to perform realistic experiments at ion beam facilities. INTRODUCTION During more than 50 years, many experimental works were performed to study radiation damage in materials. Submitted to important neutron fluxes, materials in nuclear plants exhibit unusual microstructures and subsequent properties [1]. Many works in 1980s have clearly shown a large shift of the brittle-ductile transition temperature in steel under irradiation [2]. Looking back into history, we find prominent names like Bohr, Fermi and Bethe associated with the early development of this field of research. Many works were devoted to capture key parameters responsible for the unexpected microstructures of solids observed under irradiation. Even if primary damage due to neutron - atoms interactions are produced at the atomic scale, the spatially inhomogeneous distribution of these primary defects, their diffusion and their clustering encompass different length scales giving rise to complex microstructures. Many works were devoted to study the slowing down of ions in matter [3-7]. However, comparatively few works in the material field were performed to quantify the primary damages induced by neutrons in solids [8-11]. This point explains why ion beam experiments remain the most efficient tool to study the
structural stability of solids under irradiation [3-7]. From this short introduction, a question naturally arises: can we select peculiar ions to simulate the microstructure induced by neutron irradiations occurring
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