Husserl and the Question of Relativism
The question of relativism is a perennial one, and as fundamental and far reaching as the question of truth itself. Is truth absolute and universal, the same everywhere and for everyone? Or is truth historically, culturally, biologically, or otherwise re
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PHAENOMENOLOGICA COLLECTION FONDEE PAR H.L. VAN BREDA ET PUBLIEE SOUS LE PATRONAGE DES CENTRES D'ARCHIVES-HUSSERL
122 GAIL SOFFER
HUSSERL AND THE QUESTION OF RELATIVISM
Comite de redaction de la collection: President: S. Usseling (Leuven) Membres: tL. Landgrebe (Koln), W. Marx (Freiburg i. Br.), J.N. Mohanty (Philadelphia), P. Ricreur (Paris), E. Stroker (KOln), J. Taminiaux (Louvain-Ia-Neuve), Secretaire: J. Taminiaux
Husserl and the Question of Relativism
GAILSOFFER New School for Social Research, New York, U.SA.
SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Soffer. Ga iL Husserl and the questlon of relativism / by Gall Soffer. p. cm. -- (Phaenomenologica ; 122) Includes blbliographical references and index. ISBN 978-94-010-5402-7 ISBN 978-94-011-3178-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-3178-0 1. Husser 1. Edmund. 1859-1938. 2. Re latlV1ty--History. 3. Truth-History. 1. Title. II. Series. B3279.H94S59 1991 121' .092--dc20 91-17761
ISBN 978-94-010-5402-7
Printed on acid-free paper
AII Rights Reserved © 1991 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1991 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover Ist edition 1991 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
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Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
ix
PREFACE
xi
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
xvii
CHAPTER ONE / THE CRITIQUE OF RELATIVISM IN THE PROLEGOMENA TO THE LOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS 1. The Prolegomena Critique 1.1 The Self-Refutation Argument 1.2 The Argument by Way of the Meaning of 'Truth' 2. Relativism Reconsidered CHAPTER TWO / THE CRITIQUE OF HISTORICISM AND WELTANSCHAUUNG PHll..OSOPHY IN "PHILOSOPHY AS RIGOROUS SCIENCE" 1. The Critique of Historicism 2. The Defense of Philosophy as a Science 2.1 The Idea of Science 2.2 Philosophy as Weltanschauung and Philosophy as Science CHAPTER THREE / THE PHENOMENOLOGICAL ELUCIDATION OF TRUTH: BETWEEN SKEPTICISM AND RELATIVISM 1. Cartesian Objectivism and the Epistemic Critique 2. Truth and Evidenz in the Prolegomena 3. Truth and Evidenz in the Sixth Investigation 4. Truth and Evidenz in Ideas I 5. Summary and Provisional Conclusions vii
1 2 3 11 16
29 30 39 40 46
59 60 66 75 83 89
viii
Table oJContents
CHAPTER FOUR / PHENOMENOLOGY AND THE ABSOLUTE 1. Transcendental Phenomenology and the Path to Absolute Evidenz 1.1 Inner Perception, Immanent Perception, and the Epoche 1.2 Noetic-Noematic Analysis: Husserl and Kant 2. Adequacy and Apodicticity 3. Intersubjectivity: A First Approach 3.1 In
