Hybrid conditional privacy-preserving authentication scheme for VANETs
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Hybrid conditional privacy-preserving authentication scheme for VANETs Shibin Wang1 · Kele Mao2 · Furui Zhan3 · Dong Liu1 Received: 17 July 2019 / Accepted: 13 April 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In existing authentication schemes for vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), the public key infrastructure (PKI)-based pseudonym certificate, identity-based encryption and group signature technology are usually used to preserve the security and privacy. However, these schemes face some challenges, e.g., the time-consuming certificate revocation list (CRL) checking, identity revocation issue and the computation overhead of group signature, respectively. To cope with these challenges, we propose a hybrid conditional privacy-preserving authentication protocol based on the PKI certificate and identity-based signature. In our scheme, the trust authority (TA) assigns the unique long-term certificate for every registered node. Only the vehicle with valid certificate can apply the anonymous short term identity from the current RSU to sign safety-related message. The identity-based signature avoids the CRL checking and the complex bilinear paring operation. When vehicle is compromised, TA can easily revoke its identity by the only long-term certificate. To further enhance efficiency, vehicle can verify the received messages by the single or batch authentication manner. In addition, we optimize the authentication process to avoid vehicle verifying the repeated and unnecessary signatures. Compared with the current schemes, the simulation result shows that our authentication protocol can effectively reduce verified messages in the case of meeting the requirement of security and privacy. Keywords Privacy preserving · Certificate · Anonymous identity · Authentication · VANETs
1 Introduction With the massive development of wireless communications, ad hoc networking, and internet of things (IoT), vehicular
Shibin Wang
[email protected] Kele Mao [email protected] Furui Zhan [email protected] Dong Liu [email protected] 1
College of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
2
Modern Education Technology Center, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, China
3
College of Information Science and Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
ad hoc networks (VANETs) have attracted extensive attention and research efforts from academia, industry, and governments in recent years [46]. In VANETs, the communication units are the moving vehicles that equipped with the on-board units (OBUs), which communicate with each other or the roadside units (RSUs) by the dedicated short range communication (DSRC) protocol. The specific properties of VANETs can be summarized as the rapid movement of vehicles and the frequent alteration of network topology. Compared with other wireless networks, the communication time between nodes is limited and volatile. VANETs can offer safety and comfort services such as emergency warnings, lane changing assistance, intersec
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