Hydrogeological studies for the Nubia sandstone aquifers in Garf Hussein area, Western Desert, Egypt
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Hydrogeological studies for the Nubia sandstone aquifers in Garf Hussein area, Western Desert, Egypt Saad Younes Ghoubachi 1 & El-Said Ali El-Abd 1
Received: 21 September 2015 / Accepted: 25 July 2016 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2016
Abstract The lithology of the studied aquifers has an important effect on their hydrogeologic setting. Moreover, the structural patterns have their imprint on the geologic setting and consequently the hydrogeologic conditions of the area. Lake Nasser recharges the groundwater in the study area by large amount of water increasing the groundwater level. A comparison of the depth to water in the same wells at two different periods (1998 and 2014 ) shows that the depth to water increases with average rise 11.1 m during 16 years. The constructed water table map shows that the groundwater flow is mainly towards the northwest direction reflecting recharge from Lake Nasser. The hydraulic parameters of the Abu Aggag and Sabaya sandstone aquifers are determined in the present work from pumping tests. The transmissivity of the studied aquifers reflects the moderate to high potentiality. The groundwater salinity of the studied aquifers is fresh water and varies from 353 to 983 ppm (part per million) and suitable for all purposes. It increases due to the west direction coinciding with groundwater flow direction. The main result of the present study shows that the seepage water from Lake Nasser attains 17 mcm/year.
Keywords Hydrogeological studies . Nubia sandstone aquifer . Garf Hussein . Western Desert . Egypt
Introduction The study area (≈18,000 km2) lies at the southern part of the Western Desert adjacent to Lake Nasser (Fig. 1). It is bounded by longitude 31° 40′ and 32° 50′ E and latitude 22° 50 and 23° 50′ N. This area is characterized by an extremely arid climate, high air temperature, and a relatively short day rainless winter. It has wide diurnal variations and almost no precipitation. The construction of Aswan High Dam creates a large artificial lake at the border between Egypt and Sudan (Lake Nasser) over the Nubian sandstone formations of high effective and hydraulic conductivity. Accordingly, the seepage of water increases from Lake Nasser (high surface water reservoir in the course of the Nile River) to the adjacent Nubian sandstone aquifers. The present study is an approach using the hydraulic parameters of Abu Aggag and Sabaya sandstone aquifers to calculate the recharging water from Lake Nasser. This study deals with the subsurface geology, hydrogeology, and hydrochemistry of the study area. The present study aims to evaluate the hydrogeology of Abu Aggag and Sabaya sandstone aquifers representing the Nubian aquifers in Garf Hussein area.
Geological setting * Saad Younes Ghoubachi [email protected] El-Said Ali El-Abd [email protected] 1
Desert Research Center, Cario, Egypt
The surface of the study area is built up of different sedimentary and igneous rocks aging from Precambrian to Quaternary (Fig. 2). This succession is highly controlled by di
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