Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and emotional and behavioural problems in children: a longitudinal population-based
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ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and emotional and behavioural problems in children: a longitudinal population‑based study Berihun Assefa Dachew1,2 · James G. Scott3,4,5 · Abdullah Mamun1 · Rosa Alati1,6 Received: 12 June 2019 / Accepted: 12 November 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract There is evidence that offspring of mothers who have hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are at increased risk of adverse health outcomes. This study aims to examine the association between maternal HDP and emotional- and behavioural problems in offspring at age 11 years as reported by teachers and parents. The current study is based on the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), a prospective, population-based study that has followed a cohort of offspring since their mothers were pregnant. Childhood emotional- and behavioural problems were measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), completed by parents (n = 7196) and the child’s teacher (n = 7411). Maternal preeclampsia, but not gestational hypertension, was associated with teacher-reported total behavioural difficulties (RR = 1.62; 95% CI 1.03–2.52) and internalising problems in children [peer problems (RR = 1.48; 95% CI 1.06–2.08) and emotional problems (RR = 1.68; 95% CI 1.13–2.51)]. No associations between preeclampsia and/or gestational hypertension and parent-reported emotional- and behaviour problems were observed. Our study showed that children exposed to preeclampsia had higher risk of teacher-reported total behavioural difficulties and internalising problems compared with unexposed children. The findings suggest emotional- and behavioural difficulties may not be evident in all settings, hence the importance of collecting evidence from multiple informants. Keywords ALSPAC · Behavioural difficulties · Gestational hypertension · Internalising · Preeclampsia · Peer problems
Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-019-01443-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Berihun Assefa Dachew [email protected] 1
Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, 80 Meiers Road, Indooroopilly, Brisbane, QLD 4068, Australia
2
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
3
QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
4
Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The Park Centre for Mental Health, Wacol, Australia
5
Metro North Mental Health, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Herston, Australia
6
School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
Emotional- and behavioural problems, comprising internalising and externalising symptoms affect a substantial proportion of children [1, 2] and often persist into adulthood [3]. They are also associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes later in life, incl
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