Hypoparathyroidism

Hypoparathyroidism, a condition in which insufficient parathyroid hormone (PTH) is produced to maintain normocalcemia is associated with a variety of acute and chronic symptoms and complications due to hypocalcemia. Replacement therapy utilizing PTH has l

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oidism

13

Hypoparathyroidism

Maria Luisa Brandi Edward Meigs Brown Editors

Hypoparathyroidism

Editors Maria Luisa Brandi, MD, PhD Unit of Metabolic and Bone Diseases University of Florence Florence Italy

Edward Meigs Brown, MD Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston, MA USA

ISBN 978-88-470-5375-5 ISBN 978-88-470-5376-2 DOI 10.1007/978-88-470-5376-2 Springer Milan Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London

(eBook)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2015932147 © Springer-Verlag Italia 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher's location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Foreword

Hypoparathyroidism, manifesting as tetany, was first encountered in the late nineteenth century as a postoperative complication of total thyroidectomy, but, as described by Mannstadt and Potts in the first chapter of this volume, the connection between parathyroid glands, post-thyroidectomy tetany, and hypocalcemia took years to be elucidated. Isolation and characterization, first from bovine and then from human parathyroid glands, of the biologically relevant agent parathyroid hormone (PTH) took decades more. The pioneering work of the late Gerald Aurbach in this endeavor (as cited by Mannstadt and Potts) and in many other seminal studies that