Identification of novel mutations in SARS-COV-2 isolates from Turkey
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BRIEF REPORT
Identification of novel mutations in SARS‑COV‑2 isolates from Turkey Shazia Rehman1,2 · Tariq Mahmood3 · Ejaz Aziz4 · Riffat Batool5 Received: 24 July 2020 / Accepted: 1 September 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract SARS-CoV-2 was first detected in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. In this study, we identified 11 unique mutations in viral SARS-COV-2 isolates from Turkey. Nine of them cause structural alterations in the S protein, nsp2, nsp3, nsp4 and nsp12 regions. The mutations identified here might have significant functional implications that need to be addressed in future studies in the context of vaccine engineering and therapeutic interventions. Moreover, transmission and phylogenetic analysis revealed multiple independent sources of introductions of SARS-CoV-2 into Turkey and a close relationship to the isolates from Saudi Arabia. The first case of the novel coronavirus outbreak in humans was reported in Wuhan, China. The disease was named COVID-19 by WHO, and the virus was named SARSCoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses [1]. Since the emergence of COVID-19, based on the WHO report of July 8, 2020, more than 11,591,595 confirmed cases were reported in 147 countries, with 537,859 deaths, due to rapidly spreading SARS-CoV-2 [2]. Genetically different coronaviruses are spread in birds, humans and other mammals and can lead to severe diseases of the intestine, liver, nervous system, and respiratory system. Turkey straddles eastern Europe and western Asia and is a major travel hub. According to the World Health Organization’s report Communicated by Tim Skern. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-020-04830-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Shazia Rehman [email protected] 1
Department of Botany, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
2
Department of Botany, Govt. Gordon College Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
3
Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
4
Department of Botany, GDC Khanpur, Haripur, Pakistan
5
University Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, PMAS-UAAR, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
dated April 24, 2020, Turkey ranks sixth in the European region in terms of COVID-19 disease, after Spain, Italy, Germany, the United Kingdom, and France [3]. The first case of COVID-19 in Turkey was reported on March 11, 2020, and two months after the first case, on May 11, 2020, the Turkish Ministry of Health declared that the number of COVID-19 cases had reached 139,771, with 3841 deaths [4]. In the light of the coronavirus outbreak, the present study was designed with the aim to characterize notable genetic features of SARS-CoV-2 from Turkey and to identify some novel mutations in the spike protein (S), nucleocapsid protein (N), and non-structural proteins (nsp2, nsp3, nsp4, nsp6, nsp12/RdRP). Furtherm
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