Identification of oral cavity abnormalities in pre-term and full-term newborns: a cross-sectional and comparative study
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ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE
Identification of oral cavity abnormalities in pre‑term and full‑term newborns: a cross‑sectional and comparative study I. Zen1,2 · M. Soares2 · R. Sakuma1,2 · L. T. Inagaki2 · L. M. C. P. Pinto2 · C. C. Dezan‑Garbelini2 Received: 24 May 2019 / Accepted: 26 November 2019 © European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry 2019
Abstract Purpose Compare maxillary labial frenum and lingual frenum topography, the ridges relationship and oral inclusion cysts occurrence between pre-term (PT) and full-term newborns (FT). Methods This cross-sectional and comparative study was conducted through the evaluation of 74 PT and 100 FT. Data were collected from medical records: mother age, gestational age, gender, height, weight, and delivery type. The variables were verified by Chi-square test and Mann–Whitney U test, at 5% significance level. Results Bohn’s nodules and dental lamina cysts were more frequent in FT (P = 0.000). Epstein pearls occurrence was similar between FT and PT (P = 0.243). The lower alveolar ridge in distal position to the upper one was more prevalent in both groups. Abnormal upper labial frenum anatomy had been observed in 10.0% of FT. Upper labial frenum was attached in piriform papilla in 90.5% of PTG, whereas in FT, 61.0% were attached from crest of alveolar ridge to mucogingival line. Conclusions PT oral cavity presented some peculiarities when compared with FT: maxillary labial frenum insertion in the Piriform papilla and palatal cysts more prevalent than alveolar cysts. Keywords Premature birth · Term birth · Oral manifestations · Maxilla
Introduction Human oral cavity development undergoes many changes that start in intrauterine period and continue in infancy (Berry et al. 2011). After discharge parents/guardians show apprehensive behavior about adequate care, especially with pre-term newborns (Moreira et al. 2018). In this context, common oral findings that can be noted in newborns are oral inclusion cysts, maxillary and mandibular arches relationship, and labial and lingual frenum topography (Paula et al. 2006; Lewis 2010). Therefore, professionals involved with newborn’s care should be able to identify these findings to avoid unnecessary therapeutic procedures (Flinck et al. 1994). * I. Zen [email protected] 1
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Public Health – School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), 1193, Rua José Bonifácio, Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
Department of Oral Medicine and Pediatric Dentistry, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
2
Oral inclusion cysts can be diagnosed at birth, or in few hours/days of neonate’s life, remaining in oral cavity for about 6 months, when the first teeth erupt (Flinck et al. 1994). They are considered transitory and benign lesions and can be classified in three types: Epstein pearls, Bohn’s nodules, and dental lamina cysts (Fromm 1967). Epstein pearls are located in palatine raphe and are described as epithelial tissue remnants that become trapped during p
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