Identifying the Impacts of Acne and the Use of Questionnaires to Detect These Impacts: A Systematic Literature Review
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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Identifying the Impacts of Acne and the Use of Questionnaires to Detect These Impacts: A Systematic Literature Review Hayley Smith1 · Alison M. Layton1 · Diane Thiboutot2 · Abbey Smith1 · Heather Whitehouse1 · Waseem Ghumra1 · Meenakshi Verma1 · Jerry Tan3 · Georgina Jones4 · Kathryn Gilliland2 · Megha Patel5 · Elaine Otchere6 · Anne Eady1
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Background Acne (syn: acne vulgaris) ranks as the most common inflammatory dermatosis treated worldwide. Acne typically affects adolescents at a time when they are undergoing maximum physical and social transitions, although prevalence studies suggest it is starting earlier and lasting longer, particularly in female patients. According to global burden of disease studies, acne causes significant psychosocial impact. Hence, identifying mechanisms to accurately measure the impact of the disease is important. Adopting an approach to harmonize and standardize measurements is now recognized as an essential part of any clinical evaluation and allows for better comparison across studies and meta-analyses. Objective The Acne Core Outcome Research Network (ACORN) has identified relevant domains as part of a core outcome set of measures for use in clinical studies. One of these is health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The aim of this systematic review was to provide information to inform the identification of the impacts most important to people with acne. Methods A synthesis of available evidence on acne impacts was constructed from a systematic review of the literature, with searches conducted in the MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsychInfo databases. Results We identified 408 studies from 58 countries using 138 different instruments to detect the impacts of acne. Four of the five most commonly used instruments (Dermatology Life Quality Index [DLQI], Cardiff Acne Disability Index [CADI], Acne Quality of Life scale [Acne-QoL], Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS] and Skindex-29) do not identify specific impacts but rather quantify to what extent acne affects HRQoL. Other studies identified one or more impacts using open-ended questions or tailor-made questionnaires. Conclusion This review serves as a rich data source for future efforts by groups such as ACORN (that include patients and health care providers) to develop a core set of outcome measurements for use in clinical trials.
1 Introduction The Acne Core Outcome Research Network (ACORN) was established in 2013 to identify core outcome sets for use in clinical studies of acne and its treatment. The intention is that these core outcomes will be internationally relevant, widely adopted and consequently be measured and reported in all future clinical trials of acne therapies. The core outcome set has recently been agreed upon via international Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-020-00564-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Alison M. Layton alison.
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