Ileocolic vascular curvature: a new CT finding of cecal volvulus
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Ileocolic vascular curvature: a new CT finding of cecal volvulus Margaret Wong1 · R. Brooke Jeffrey1 · Adam N. Rucker1 · Eric W. Olcott1,2
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a proposed new CT observation in cecal volvulus, marked hook-like curvature of ileocolic vessels termed “ileocolic vascular curvature.” Methods Contrast-enhanced CT scans of 14 patients with diagnoses of cecal volvulus on original CT reports were compared with scans of 40 control patients with dilated cecum but no cecal volvulus on original CT reports, accrued consecutively from January, 2006 through July, 2017. Two independent blinded readers retrospectively evaluated scans for cecal dilatation, ileocolic vascular curvature and seven previously reported CT features of cecal volvulus. Statistical methods included the exact binomial distribution to define 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic analysis, and the exact McNemar test. Pathology reports and clinical records served as reference standards. Results All patients had abdominal pain and cecal distension. All 14 patients with CT diagnoses of cecal volvulus, and no control patients, had cecal volvulus by reference standards. Ileocolic vascular curvature and ectopic cecal location were the only features independently and significantly associated with cecal volvulus in multivariable regression (odds ratio 178, p = 0.014, and 63, p = 0.013, respectively) and also the only features with both sensitivity (12/14 [85.7%, 95% CI 57.2–98.2%] and 13/14 [92.9%, 95% CI 66.1–99.8%], respectively) and specificity (40/40 [100.0%, 95% CI 91.2–100.0%] and 38/40 [95.0%, 95% CI 83.1–99.4%], respectively) that differed significantly from 50.0%. Conclusions Ileocolic vascular curvature was independently and significantly associated with cecal volvulus and exhibited both substantial sensitivity and substantial specificity for cecal volvulus, and thus is potentially a valuable new CT finding of cecal volvulus. Keywords Intestinal volvulus · Multidetector computed tomography · Cecum · Colon · Intestinal obstruction
Introduction Cecal volvulus is a potentially life-threatening disorder that may result in vascular compromise, cecal perforation, sepsis, and death [1–4]. Although an uncommon entity, it is important to note that the incidence of cecal volvulus is increasing in the United States [3]. Although a variety of “classic” CT features of cecal volvulus have been reported, few previous articles, to our knowledge, have quantitatively evaluated their diagnostic performance [5, 6]. We have noticed * Eric W. Olcott [email protected] 1
Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305‑5105, USA
Department of Radiology, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, USA
2
anecdotally in our practice that CT may exhibit few of the “classic” features of cecal volvulus, even in
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