Image and Video Processing for Disability
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Editorial Image and Video Processing for Disability Alice Caplier,1 Thierry Pun,2 and Dimitrios Tzovaras3 1 Laboratoire
des Image et des Signaux (LSI), Institute National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG), 46 Avenue F´elix Viallet, 38031 Grenoble Cedex, France 2 Centre Universitaire d’Informatique (CUI), Universit´ e de Gen`eva, 24 Rue G´en´eral Dufour, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland 3 Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Informatics and Telematics Institiute, 1st Km Thermi-Panorama Road, 57001 Thermi Thessaloniki, Greece Received 31 December 2007; Accepted 31 December 2007 Copyright © 2007 Alice Caplier et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
New technologies represent a great opportunity for the improvement of life and independent living of the disabled and elderly people. Over the last decade, active researches have produced novel algorithms for visually impaired, deaf, mute people, or for people with severe motor disabilities. These researches are strongly related to the development of new dedicated systems for human-computer interaction. Whatever the kind of handicap, image and video processing can provide a significant help for disability compensation. It can also contribute to decrease the gap between disabled and nondisabled people with respect to the new technologies. Developments of new systems for disabled persons are essentially of a multidisciplinary nature. Disciplines involved range from engineering sciences (computer science, signal processing, human factors, robotics, electronics, etc.) to human sciences (psychology, cognition, etc.). This special issue focuses on work involving image and video processing as their core technologies. The papers are divided into three categories, respectively, concerning motor disability, hearing disability, and vision disability. The articles in the motor disability category start with a paper entitled “An omni-directional stereo vision-based smart wheelchair” written by Y. Satoh and K. Sakaue. To support safe self-movement of the disabled and the aged, the paper proposes an electric wheelchair that realizes the functions of detecting both the potential hazards in a moving environment and the postures and gestures of a user. For that purpose, the electric wheelchair is equipped with the stereo omnidirectional system (SOS), which is capable of acquiring omnidirectional color image sequences and range data simultaneously in real time. The two other papers are related to gaze detection and analysis. The paper entitled “Automated eye winks interpretation system for human machine interface” by C. Wei-Gang et al. proposes an auto-
matic eye wink interpretation system for human machine interface to benefit the severely handicapped people. The system consists of (1) applying a support vector machine (SVM) classifier to detect the eyes, (2) using a template matching algorithm to track the eye
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