Image Segmentation Using Membrane Computing: A Literature Survey
Membrane computing, a recent branch of natural computing, has been gaining momentum attention in the last few decades due to its massive parallelism and efficient computation. Many researchers in the field of membrane computing have proposed sophisticated
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Faculty of Computing, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia {iyrafaa2,mariyam,shafaatunnur}@utm.my 2 Department of Computer, College of Science, University of Al-Mustansiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq 3 UTM Big Data Center, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and Industrial Research, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 4 Department of Software Engineering, Koya University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq 5 School of Computer Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800 Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia 6 Department of Computer Science, College of Science, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
Abstract. Membrane computing, a recent branch of natural computing, has been gaining momentum attention in the last few decades due to its massive parallelism and efficient computation. Many researchers in the field of membrane computing have proposed sophisticated techniques inspired by cell biology for computer science applications, especially when they considered cell organization in tissues, organs, and most recently, from the organization of neurons. The interdisciplinary applications of membrane computing include, but not limited to computer science, biology, biomedicine, bioinformatics and several other fields such as mathematics, artificial intelligence, automation, economics, to name but a few. Their applications are pertaining to computer graphics, approximate optimization, cryptography, parallel computing and image processing. Hence, in this paper we present an up to date comprehensive literature review pertaining to the application of membrane computing in the area of digital image analysis, especially image segmentation, comprehensively and systematically. We thoroughly investigate the recent advancement in the field of image segmentation using membrane system. Furthermore, we highlight the merits and demerits of various software tools and methods. Finally, we suggest some intuitive future directions in light of the current limitations. Keywords: Membrane computing · Image segmentation · Tissue-like P system · P-Lingua c Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2016 M. Gong et al. (Eds.): BIC-TA 2016, Part I, CCIS 681, pp. 314–335, 2016. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-3611-8 26
Image Segmentation Using Membrane Computing
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Introduction
As a young branch of natural computing, membrane computing (MC) began in 1998 with its latest version that is related to the initial research studies published in 2000 by P˘ aun [1]. The primary models for MC began with a single cell and its hierarchical structure of organized compartments called membranes, where localized biochemistry took place. The resulting computing device comprised a distributed parallel computing model with multi-sets of objects or chemicals that placed in regions (tree-like nodes) processed as reactions similar to those of natural biochemistry. Motivated by biological membranes, we obtain a computing device called a P system in honor of their initiator, P˘ aun [1
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