Immobilization of Savannah River High-Level Wastes in Synroc: Results from Product Performance Tests
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Stephen V.
BASIS FOR NUCLEAR WASTE
Topp,
Inc.
MANAGEMENT
49
editor
IMMOBILIZATION OF SAVANNAH RIVER HIGH-LEVEL WASTES IN SYNROC: PRODUCT PERFORMANCE TESTS*
RESULTS FROM
JOHN H. CAMPBELL, CLARENCE L. HOENIG, FERNANDO BAZAN, FREDERICK J. RYERSON, AND RUDOLF ROZSA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California, USA ABSTRACT Large samples (up to 15cm diameter) of SYNROC D containing simulated Savannah River (SRL) waste sludge have been prepared and performance tested. Waste loadings of 60-65 wt% for the SRL composite sludge have been achieved; this corresponds to a waste concentration (volumetric) 2.3-2.5 g/cm3 . A typical loading of approximately 3 SYNROC D sample has a density of about 4.0 g/cm with less than 0.2% porosity. The compressive and flexural strengths of SYNROC D are 51,200 and 9,400 psi, respectively and Young's Modulus is 20.1 x 106 psi by ultrasonic measurement. The quantity of respirable fines (less than 10 1im) generated during a constant energy density Values for the impact (lOJ/cm3 ) was less than 0.16 wt%. thermal conductivity (22*C) and the thermal expansion 0 coefficient (22-950 C) were measured to be 1.7 W/m'K and Normalized elemental 11 x 10-6 K-1, respectively. (90 0 C) for leach rates determined by 28-day MCC-l tests 5 and < 8x10-3 Cs, Sr, U and Nd are 0.7, 0.3, 5x10g/m 2 - dr respectively. INTRODUCTION SYNROC is a titanate-based ceramic material currently being developed as a potential waste form for immobilizing high-level nuclear reactor wastes [1,2]. SYNROC D is a unique variation of this waste form that is being developed to contain high-level defense wastes** (particularly those in storage at the Savannah River Plant) [3-8]. This manuscript reviews the results from critical performance tests carThe performance data ried out on SYNROC D containing simulated SRP wastes. (1) Waste Loading, (2) Mechanical are broken down into three categories: and Thermal physical Properties, and (3) MCC Leach Test Results.
"*
"Work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Livermore National Laboratory the Lawrence W-7405-ENG-48.
Department of Energy by under contract number
•* Currently there are three types of SYNROC: (1) SYNROC B which is the Basic three-phase formulation containing no radwaste, (2) SYNROC C which contains simulated, high-level Commercial waste, and (3) SYNROC D which contains simulated, high-level Defense waste. The major thrust of this manuscript is on the performance of SYNROC D.
50 These data were collected on a series of SYNROC samples specially prepared as part of a "comparative leach test" program initiated by Savannah River Laboratory (SRL) [7,9]. In short, this program required each waste form developer to incorporate simulated SRP sludges into their waste form. These samples were then subjected to a series of standard tests (conducted by both the developer and several outside laboratories) that were designed to test the quality and durability of the waste form. After a brief description of how the SYNROC samples were prepared, the per
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