Immunohistochemical and immunocytochemical study of mechanoreceptors in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with t
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Immunohistochemical and immunocytochemical study of mechanoreceptors in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with the remnantpreserving technique using Achilles tendon allografts Keun Churl Chun2, Sung Hyun Lee1, Jeong Woo Kim1, Eun Jung Jin3, Kwang Mee Kim4 and Churl Hong Chun1*
Abstract Background: Attempts have been made to validate the significance of remnant preservation with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using immunohistochemical and immunocytochemical techniques. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of mechanoreceptors in the remnant tissue of ACL reconstruction performed with the remnant-preserving technique. Methods: Tissue samples were obtained from 10 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with the remnantpreserving technique. The specimens were obtained from remnant ACL tissue and Achilles allografts superficially and at the tibial attachment. The control group consisted of three normal ACLs procured from young males who underwent partial meniscectomy. Tissues and cells from the ACL remnants and Achilles allografts were characterized using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemical, immunocytochemical, and immunoblotting assays. In particular, the sensitivity of neural cell validation was improved using nerve growth factor (NGF) to stimulate the expression of neural cells. Results: The results are summarized as follows. (1) In H&E staining and immunohistochemical assays, no neural cells were detected in remnant or allograft tissue. (2) In the immunocytochemical study, neural cells were detected in remnant tissue. (3) The increased proliferation of remnant ACL cells with NGF treatment suggested their identity as neural cells. (4) NGF treatment also stimulated protein and RNA expression of Nestin (a specific marker for neural cells) in remnant ACL cells. Conclusions: The improved immunocytochemical methodology proved useful. Although mechanoreceptors were detected relatively less frequently than expected, the authors consider that this finding does not negate the necessity of remnant-preserving ACL reconstruction. Keywords: Anterior cruciate ligament, Remnant-preserving technique, Immunohistochemical study of mechanoreceptor, Immunocytochemical study of mechanoreceptor
* Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University Hospital, Muwang-ro 895, Iksan-si, Jeolabuk-do, South Korea Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2017 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publ
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