Impact of female literacy on infant mortality and maternal mortality in Kashmir valley: a district level analysis
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Impact of female literacy on infant mortality and maternal mortality in Kashmir valley: a district level analysis Nusrat Batool . Shamim Ahmad Shah . Sajad Nabi Dar . Safiya Skinder . Peer Jeelani
Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2019
Abstract Female literacy plays a critical role on the overall growth and development of society. It has been proved from research that children who are taken care of by literate mothers get all round development in every aspect of their life. This paper analysed the impact of female literacy rate on the infant mortality and maternal mortality rate in different districts of Kashmir valley. For this linear regression method was used which shows the impact of female literacy rate on infant mortality rate and maternal mortality rate. From the result it has been observed that there is inverse relationship between female literacy rate and infant mortality and maternal mortality rate in districts of Kashmir valley. This study analysed that female literacy has immense contribution in declining the infant mortality rate and maternal mortality rate and
N. Batool S. A. Shah S. N. Dar (&) S. Skinder P. Jeelani Department of Geography and Regional Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar 190006, India e-mail: [email protected] S. A. Shah e-mail: [email protected] S. N. Dar e-mail: [email protected] S. Skinder e-mail: [email protected] P. Jeelani e-mail: [email protected]
thus help in improving the health status of both women and child. Keywords Female literacy Infant mortality rate Maternal mortality rate Districts Linear regression
Introduction Female literacy is considered as one of the important parameter for determining the socio-economic progress of a country and has played a great role in enlarging the opportunities and freedom in every aspect of female’s life. Female literacy rate has been defined as the ratio of total literate females population aged 6 years and above to the total female population in the same age group and is expressed in percentage. The female literacy of the country has increased from 53.67 to 65.46% from the last decade where as In Jammu and Kashmir the female literacy rate was 43% while as it has increased to 58.1% as per census 2001 and 2011. This female literacy rate is considered the key variable in determining the infant and maternal mortality rate of the country. It also determines the wellbeing and the standard 0f living of a nation. Shetty and Shraddha (2014) analysed that States which have progressed more on the female literacy front reduce infant mortality at a faster pace and this should motivated and encouraged lesser literate states to enhance and reinforce their efforts to boost female
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literacy States which have progressed more. Sandiford et al. (1995) show that among the children of women who became literate exclusively by adult education, mortality and risk of malnutrition are significantly lower than among t
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