Impact of intimate partner violence on anxiety and depression amongst women in Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Impact of intimate partner violence on anxiety and depression amongst women in Ile-Ife, Nigeria Boladale Mapayi & R. O. A. Makanjuola & S. K. Mosaku & O. A. Adewuya & O. Afolabi & O. O. Aloba & A. Akinsulore
Received: 7 May 2012 / Accepted: 9 August 2012 / Published online: 31 August 2012 # Springer-Verlag 2012
Abstract Research into intimate partner violence in the Nigerian environment has been limited. The objective of this study was to determine, amongst a sample of women attending the Enuwa Primary Health Care Center, Ile-Ife, the association between intimate partner violence and anxiety/depression. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 373 women who attended the antenatal clinic and welfare units of a primary health centre in Ile-Ife using the Composite Abuse Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and a socio-demographic scale as instruments. Slightly over a third (36.7 %) reported intimate partner violence within the past year, 5.6 % had anxiety and 15.5 % were depressed. Anxiety and depression in the respondents were significantly associated with intimate partner violence. Women were ten times more likely to report being depressed and 17 times more likely to report anxiety if they were in violent relationships. This research has shown that the magnitude of intimate partner violence within the study population is comparable to those found in the developing countries. There are significant associations between intimate partner violence, anxiety and depression amongst the study population and this B. Mapayi (*) : R. O. A. Makanjuola : S. K. Mosaku : O. O. Aloba : A. Akinsulore Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria e-mail: [email protected] O. A. Adewuya Department of Behavioural Medicine, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria O. Afolabi Department of Community Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
fact undoubtedly has implications for the mental health of the Nigerian woman. Keywords Intimate partner violence . Anxiety . Depression . Primary health . Ile-Ife
Background Violence against women has been defined by the United Nations Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women as “any act of gender-based violence that results in or is likely to result in physical, sexual or mental harm or suffering to women, including threats of such acts, coercion or arbitrary deprivation of liberty, whether occurring in public or private life” (United Nations 1993). One of the most common forms of violence against women is that perpetuated by a husband or other intimate male partner— otherwise known as domestic violence or intimate partner violence (IPV). The family violence prevention fund has defined IPV as a pattern of assaultive and coercive behaviour that may include inflicted physical injury, psychological abuse, sexual assault, progressive social isolation, stalking, deprivation, intimidation and threats (Family Violence Prevention Fund 1999). Globally, at least one in three women has expe
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