Implementation of Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral for Treatment in the Aging Network of Care to Prevent Alco
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Implementation of Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral for Treatment in the Aging Network of Care to Prevent Alcohol, Recreational Drug, and Prescription Medication Misuse Denise M. Scott 1 & Hanno Petras 2 & Nnenna Kalu 1 & Gloria E. Cain 1 & Dietrich B. Johnson 1 & Zili Sloboda 3 & Robert Emory Taylor 1 Published online: 17 August 2020 # Society for Prevention Research 2020
Although recreational drug use is uncommon among older adults, recent research has shown that recreational drug use patterns and misuse of alcohol and prescription medications among baby boomers are increasing (Barry and Blow 2016; Caputo et al. 2012; Oslin 2004). As older adults generally have chronic conditions that lead to the use of prescription drugs and over-the-counter (OTC) medications, they are more at risk for dangerous alcohol-medication interactions (Breslow et al. 2015). Also, recent increases in rates of death and use of prescription opioids with suicidal intent among older adults have important implications as the USA undergoes rapid expansion of this population (West et al. 2015; Lippold et al. 2019). Despite their heightened vulnerability, few older adults are screened, and most older adults do not receive needed preventive services or early interventions even though evidence-based programs exist. Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is considered an evidence-based public health approach for addressing this gap but has rarely been used in the aging network of care (Blow and Barry 2000; Kuerbis et al. 2015). Thus, the focus of this brief report is to document the barriers and facilitators of implementing SBIRT in nonmedical organizations serving older adults and to assess whether older adults can be recruited and retained into this program. This study did not involve randomization of study participants to an experimental condition, and consequently, it is not possible to draw causal inferences about program impact. Robert Emory Taylor is deceased. This paper is dedicated to his memory. * Hanno Petras [email protected] 1
Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
2
American Institutes for Research, Washington, DC, USA
3
Applied Prevention Science International, Mansfield, OH, USA
Aging Society The rapid increase of older adults has been described as a “Silver Challenge.” Individuals 65 years or older have increased by 35% between 2007 and 2017 to over 70 million. By 2040, there will be about 82 million older adults, which means that about 22% of the population will be 65 years or older. Those individuals who reach age 65 have an average life expectancy of 84.3 years. These population developments will create increasing demands of time and attention from healthcare providers (Administration on Aging 2018).
Medication Use and Alcohol Consumption Among Older Adults Although recreational drug use is uncommon among older adults, recent research has shown that illegal drug use patterns and misuse of alcohol and prescription medications among baby boomers are increasing (Han et al. 2018). Furthermore,
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