Importance of local and landscape variables on multiple facets of stream fish biodiversity in a Neotropical agroecosyste
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NEOTROPICAL STREAMS IN CHANGING LANDSCAPES
Importance of local and landscape variables on multiple facets of stream fish biodiversity in a Neotropical agroecosystem Camilo A. Roa-Fuentes . Jani Heino . Jaquelini O. Zeni . Silvio Ferraz . Marcus V. Cianciaruso . Lilian Casatti
Received: 1 March 2020 / Revised: 10 August 2020 / Accepted: 25 August 2020 Ó Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Few studies have considered the effects of environmental variables at different spatial scales on Neotropical stream biodiversity. Furthermore, scalerelated studies mostly include only one facet of biodiversity. To determine the contribution of local and landscape variables to the variation in the taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic a-diversity of stream fish assemblages, we sampled 85 streams in the Upper Parana´ River basin, Brazil. Local variables explained a substantial fraction of the variance in Guest editors: David J. Hoeinghaus, Jaquelini O. Zeni, Gabriel L. Breja˜o, Rafael P. Leita˜o & Renata G. Frederico / Neotropical Stream Fish Ecology in a Changing Landscape
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04396-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. C. A. Roa-Fuentes (&) J. O. Zeni L. Casatti Department of Zoology and Botany, UNESP - Sa˜o Paulo State University, 2265 Cristo´va˜o Colombo Street, Sa˜o Jose´ do Rio Preto, SP 15054-000, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] C. A. Roa-Fuentes Escuela de Ciencias Biolo´gicas, Universidad Pedago´gica y Tecnolo´gica de Colombia, UPTC, Avenida Central del Norte 39-115, Tunja, Boyaca´, Colombia J. Heino Freshwater Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, Paavo Havaksen Tie 3, 90570 Oulu, Finland
almost all biodiversity facets. Landscape variables (i.e., land-use and spatial variables) contributed little to the variation in the a-component of biodiversity. Our results thus highlight the importance of local features for maintaining stream fish biodiversity in agroecosystems. Probably, land-use were not significant because the study area was in a relatively homogeneous landscape severely impacted by anthropogenic activities. It is possible that insignificant effects of spatial structuring occurred because the ichthyofauna has already gone through a homogenization process and/or due to the spatial scale of our study. We suggest that even though local-scale restoration actions would influence biodiversity, we should not neglect landscape restoration because substantial improvements in the ecological integrity of streams are more likely to be accomplished with
J. O. Zeni Department of Ecology, UNESP - Sa˜o Paulo State University, 1515 24A Avenue, Rio Claro, SP 13506-900, Brazil S. Ferraz Forest Hydrology Laboratory (LHF), ‘‘Luiz de Queiroz’’ College of Agriculture, University of Sa˜o Paulo, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil M. V. Cianciaruso Ecology Department, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goia´s, CP 131,
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