Improving the Mechanical Properties of Fe-Nb-(Ni-Mn) Dendrite-Ultrafine Eutectic Composites via Controlling the Primary
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IN-SITU ultrafine eutectic composites reinforced with micrometer-scale dendritic phase have been subject of intense investigations for a wide range of potential applications.[1–7] These novel ultrafine eutectic composites were developed through nonequilibrium solidification (for example, using copper mold casting at typical cooling rates of 10 to 103 K/s),[8] which can result in high strength and distinct plastic strain in the as-cast state.[9–12] In this case, size, volume fraction, and distribution of the reinforcing precipitates into the ultrafine eutectic matrix are strongly influenced by the alloy composition and the details of the solidification process.[13–18] For example, Park et al. have reported a Fe-Nb-Al dendrite-ultrafine eutectic composite exhibiting a high yield strength of 1.1 GPa and a large plastic strain of 12 pct, together with strong work hardening behavior.[19] However, a drawback of these ultrafine composites with high amount of ductile reinforcement is usually accompanied by a significant drop of the JIN MAN PARK, Guest Scientist, and UTA KU¨HN, Head of Department, are with the Institute for Complex Materials, IFW Dresden, D-01171 Dresden, Germany. Contact e-mail: jinman_park@ hotmail.com TAE EUNG KIM, Postdoctoral Student, and DO HYANG KIM, Professor, are with the Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Center for Non-Crystalline Materials, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea. SUK JUN KIM, Research Assistant, is with the School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907. WON TAE KIM, Professor, is with the IT Division, Cheongju University, Cheongju 360-764, Republic of Korea. JU¨RGEN ECKERT, Director and Professor, is with the Institute for Complex Materials, IFW Dresden, and with the Institute of the Materials Science, TU Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. Manuscript submitted March 30, 2011. Article published online March 20, 2012 2680—VOLUME 43A, AUGUST 2012
achievable strength.[20–22] More recently, Cu-Zr-Al(Co) bulk metallic glass composites were developed by in-situ precipitation of a rather ductile austenitic B2 phase. The B2 phase subsequently undergoes a deformation-induced phase transition into the harder B19¢ and B33 martensitic phases upon loading. The B2 phase embedded into glass matrix composites demonstrate the desired combination of high yield strength, distinct room temperature plasticity, and pronounced work hardening.[23–26] Ku¨hn et al. developed a series of FeCr-Mo-V-C alloys composed of martensite and complex carbides with superior mechanical properties. These complex nanostructured composites show a high engineering compression strength and a large plastic strain to failure of about 12 pct via tuning the chemical composition of high speed tool steel.[27,28] The authors suggested that the mixture of high strength phases including martensite and complex carbides contributes to the desirable properties in Fe-based alloys.[29–31] Not only these promising properties but low production costs as well are necessary to meet the requirem
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