Industrial and Research Activities in Thermal Spray Technology in the Nordic Region of Europe
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JTTEE5 16:466–471 DOI: 10.1007/s11666-007-9136-2 1059-9630/$19.00 Ó ASM International
Industrial and Research Activities in Thermal Spray Technology in the Nordic Region of Europe Introduction The Nordic countries comprise a region in Northern Europe consisting of Finland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Iceland, and their associated territories (in particular ˚ land), see Fig. 1. In the Faroe Islands, Greenland, and A English usage, Scandinavia is a term that is generally regarded to be synonymous with the Nordic region, and both terms are frequently used interchangeably. The countries in the Nordic region are situated on the same latitude as Canada and, when combined, have almost the same number of inhabitants (the Nordic countries have a population of approximately 24 million), although the total land area is just 10% of that of Canada. Due largely to effect of the Gulf Stream, the Nordic Countries have four very distinct seasons, including warm summers and cold winters. The landscape is densely forested, and some areas are rich in petroleum and mineral resources. Mechanical engineering and high levels of general education are both traditional characteristics for this part of the world. In recent years, the electronics industry, particularly telecommunications industries such as Nokia and Ericsson, has been extremely important in the economic growth of both Finland and Sweden. The level of economic expansion in Norway has been strongly influenced by its offshore oil reserves. In addition to the telecommunications and oil industries, pulp and paper production have played a significant role for the economy in Finland, while the automotive and aerospace industries have had a similar function in Sweden.
Thermal Spraying in Finland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and Iceland Thermal spraying is used widely in many industrial sectors in the Nordic Countries. Important areas where thermal spraying is used are in the manufacture of products for the petroleum, paper, metals, transport, defense, and high-tech machinery industries. Thermal spraying is particularly important in Finland, Sweden, Norway, and Denmark. It is, however, still fairly limited in Iceland, and therefore will not be described to the same extent as is the case for the other countries. In Finland, thermal spray technology has wide areas of application in the pulp and paper industries. In Sweden, thermal spray technology is of great importance in the manufacture of aero engines and in industrial gas turbine applications. In Norway, thermal spraying is widely used in various offshore applications, including subsea oil drilling enterprises. Development and innovation in thermal spray technology
466—Volume 16(4) December 2007
Petri Vuoristo
Per Nyle´n
in the Nordic countries is dominated by research conducted in Finland and Sweden, followed by Denmark and Norway. In particular, research groups from Sweden and Finland, as well as from Norway, have routinely presented their research results at international conferences and in international journals. In the following
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