Influence from Size and Morphology of Mn 5 Si 3 on Wear Resistance of Cu-Zn-Al-Mn-Si Alloys
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TRODUCTION
WITH superior characters, such as electric/heat conductivity, promising corrosion resistance, and good ductility with moderate strength,[1,2] copper (Cu) has been used in many purposes for thousands of years. For Cu alloys, the mechanical as well as chemical properties are greatly changed from pure Cu, making them important roles in engineering.[3] Brass, Cu-Zn alloy, is widely used in many fields due to its high comprehensive properties but with low costs.[4–7] It is well known that we can obtain different microstructures by adjusting the zinc content and the continued annealing conditions.[8,9] Moreover, the precipitated particles also play important roles in strengthening the alloys.[10,11] The proper microstructure would result in promising and targeting mechanical properties.
Y.H. LIN, W.S. CHUANG, and C.M. CHANG are with the Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan, ROC. J.C. HUANG is with the Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University and also with the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Contact e-mails: [email protected], [email protected] C.Y. CHAO is with the Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan, ROC. Manuscript submitted February 13, 2019. Article published online May 2, 2019 3148—VOLUME 50A, JULY 2019
The wear behaviors of alloys have been investigated during the past decades. It has suggested that the alloys with high strength and hardness imply high wear resistance.[12,13] Moreover, many literatures report that the wear resisting precipitates in the matrix is beneficial to the improvement of wear properties, whether it is internally generated or externally added.[14–16] In brass, one of the beneficial precipitates has been reported to be Mn5Si3.[17,18] This phase possesses a hexagonal crystal structure, with the lattice constants a = 6.898 A˚ and c = 4.802 A˚, and c/a ratio of 0.696.[17] In this paper, for simplicity, the Mn5Si3 is termed as the x phase. Li et al.[18] observed the nano-sized Mn5Si3 particles greatly improve the strength, and hardness because of the precipitated strengthening effect. With increasing hardness, the wear rates become less prominent.[18] Moreover, many literatures have reported that the forging process is beneficial to increase the mechanical properties as well as wear resistance.[19–22] Because forging could make samples become more homogenous and obtain refined microstructure, the mechanical properties of forged materials are superior. Another factor affecting the wear resistance is the sizes of precipitated particles[23,24] but there are few literatures reported this effect in brass. In this study, in order to reveal the relationship between particle sizes of x-Mn5Si3 and wear resistance of the forged alloy, two brass alloy compositions subject to two annealing conditions are designe
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