Influence of geographical factors on thermal stress in northern Carpathians
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SPECIAL ISSUE: UTCI - 10 YEARS OF APPLICATIONS
Influence of geographical factors on thermal stress in northern Carpathians Błażejczyk Krzysztof 1 Mikulova Katarina 7
&
Nejedlik Pavol 2 & Skrynyk Oleh 3 & Halaś Agnieszka 3 & Skrynyk Olesya 4,5 & Błażejczyk Anna 6 &
Received: 7 February 2020 / Revised: 10 August 2020 / Accepted: 27 August 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract While general features of mountain climate are well recognised, there is not many research regarded their bioclimatic differentiation. The aim of the present study is to answer the question how different geographical factors: elevation above sea level, physiographical type of area, climate continentality and location of area in relation to the main mountain ridge influence thermal stress in northern Carpathians. To analyse thermal stress in the region, daily meteorological data from 21 stations of national weather networks of Poland, Ukraine and Slovakia for the period 1986–2015 were used. Daily data of air temperature, relative humidity, total cloud cover and wind speed at 10 m above ground for 12 UTC were used because they represent midday hours which are mostly used for any human activity. The Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) was applied as a measure of thermal stress. The results show that (1) cold stress significantly increases and heat stress decreases due to rise of altitude, (2) due to climate continentality and physiographical differences between western and eastern parts of northern Carpathians in their eastern edge, the cold stress is more evident than in western one, (3) at southward slopes of Carpathian, heat stress is significantly more frequent then at northward areas. Keywords Thermal stress . Northern Carpathians . UTCI . Mountain bioclimate
Introduction Thermal stress caused by meteorological conditions plays important role in different kinds of human activity, e.g. outdoor
* Błażejczyk Krzysztof [email protected]
occupation, sport, tourism and health prophylactic. Mountain regions are very sensitive areas because of wide list of factors which influence the actual weather conditions. Very important are both, general features of climate and its vertical zonation
1
Climate Impacts Laboratory, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warszawa, Poland
2
Earth Science Institute of Slovak Academy of Science, Dubravska cesta 9, 84005 Bratislava, Slovakia
Skrynyk Oleh [email protected]
3
Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies, University of Warsaw, Krakowskie Przedmieście 26/28, 00-927 Warszawa, Poland
Halaś Agnieszka [email protected]
4
National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Heroyiv Oborony, 15, Kyiv, Ukraine
Skrynyk Olesya [email protected]
5
Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute, Nauky, 37, Kyiv, Ukraine
Błażejczyk Anna [email protected]
6
Bioklimatologia, Laboratory of Bioclimatology and Environmental Ergonomics, Łukowska 15/55, 04-133 Warszawa, Poland
Mikulova Katarina katarina.mikulova@
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