Influence of nanocellulose concentration on the tunability of energy bandgap of cadmium telluride thin films
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Influence of nanocellulose concentration on the tunability of energy bandgap of cadmium telluride thin films Sunday Samuel Oluyamo . Lawrence Olakunle Akinboyewa . Ibiyinka Agboola Fuwape . Olajide Ibukun-Olu Olusola . Mathew Adefusika Adekoya
Received: 11 March 2020 / Accepted: 7 July 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Cadmium telluride (CdTe) doped nanocellulose thin films were successfully deposited on glass/ fluorine-doped tin oxide substrates from an aqueous electrolyte bath containing hydrated cadmium sulfate (3CdSO48H2O) and tellurium dioxide using electrodeposition technique. Six samples of CdTe thin films were grown with nanocellulose concentrations of (0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9) ppm. The results obtained from electronic data of the deposited layers using UV–Vis spectrophotometer agree favourably with the theoretical formulation. The bandgap of the films ranges from 1.32 to 1.67 eV. The lowest bandgap of CdTe (1.32 eV) was achieved at a concentration of 9 ppm. This relatively low energy bandgap is remarkable in recent formation of CdTe. Photoelectrochemical cell measurement shows that the electrical conductivity type of undoped CdTe is n-type while the nanocellulose doped CdTe is p-type in electrical conduction. S. S. Oluyamo L. O. Akinboyewa I. A. Fuwape O. I. Olusola Condensed Matter and Statistical Physics Research Unit, Department of Physics, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria I. A. Fuwape Michael and Cecilia Ibru University, Ughelli, Delta State, Nigeria M. A. Adekoya (&) Department of Physics, Edo University Iyamho, Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria e-mail: [email protected]
Hence, it is possible to effectively tune the conductive properties of CdTe by careful addition of nanocellulose concentration. Keywords Electrodeposition CdTe Celtis philippensis Wood dust Nanocellulose UV–Vis spectrophotometer Photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell
Introduction Cadmium telluride (CdTe) is one of the stable crystalline compounds formed from cadmium and tellurium. It is unique among II–VI binary compound semiconductors which have been well studied for many years and applied to solar cell devices (Islam et al. 2013). CdTe is cheaper than conventional silicon solar cells and stands out to be one of the most researched and promising photovoltaic materials for thin-film solar cells. Other potential applications of CdTe include fabrication of optoelectronic devices, photovoltaic cells, laser windows, gamma-ray detector and p-n diodes owing to its optimum bandgap and high absorption coefficient (Punithaa et al. 2015; Chander and Dhaka 2016). The performance of CdTe cells has been acknowledged as a foremost direct transition material for its optimal bandgap of 1.45 eV that allows thin-film applications (Rahmana et al. 2019). It exists as a zinc blende (cubic) or wurtzite (hexagonal) structure. CdTe
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Cellulose
can exhibit both n-type and p-type conductivity in homojunction and heterojunction configurations (
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