Influence of Sintering Temperatures on the Properties of Lithium Sodium Potassium Niobate Piezoelectric Ceramics
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Influence of Sintering Temperatures on the Properties of Lithium Sodium Potassium Niobate Piezoelectric Ceramics Qiang Chen1, Dejun Lan1, Yi Chen1, Zhuo Xu2,Xi Yue1, Dingquan Xiao1 and Jianguo Zhu1, * 1 College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China 2 Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, China ABSTRAT Lithium sodium potassium niobate (Li, Na, K)NbO3 (LNKN) piezoelectric ceramics were prepared by using conventional solid state process. The phase structures of LNKN ceramics were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD). The dielectric properties of LNKN ceramics have been also studied at different temperature and frequency. It was found that LNKN ceramics have high Curie temperature Tc(about 460oC), and relatively high piezoelectric constant d33 (~200pC/N) and high electromechanical coupling coefficient kp (~0.40). Both of the piezoelectric constant d33 and electromechanical coupling coefficient kp of LNKN ceramics decreased with the increasing of sintering temperature. The piezoelectric property dependence of composition of LNKN ceramics has also been studied. INTRODUCTION PbTiO3(PT) and Pb(Zr,Ti)O3（PZT） based materials are the most popular piezoelectric and ferroelectric materials which have perovskite crystal structure. These materials are widely used to manufacture filters, micromotors, gyroscope, transducers, transformers, resonators, and actuators, etc[1~4], because of their excellent piezoelectric, pyroelectric, ferroelectric and electro-optic properties. However, though Pb-based materials show a series of attractive properties, these materials usually contain a large quantity of lead compounds (more than 50wt%), which will bring great harm to human health and environment due to the volatilization of lead during sintering process and the final disposal of electronic parts. It is impossible to collect all lead compounds from disposed electronic devices with present technology. The accumulation of lead compounds on the earth has been developed into a social problem. In the viewpoint of environmental protection, the exclusion of electronic parts including lead compounds has been restricted gradually and will be prohibited by WEEE (Waste Electrical Electronic Equipment) in the EU in the near future. But, up to now there are no suitable materials could perfectly take the place of lead-based piezoelectric material in the process of fabricating electronic applications. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a substitution of PZT system materials. At present, lead free piezoelectric system materials mainly include (Bi,Na)TiO3(BNT) system[5-8], alkaline niobate system and Bi-layer structural ferroelectrics(BLSF) system[9,10] etc.. Among them, (Na,K)NbO3(NKN) system, which has been regarded as one of the most promising candidates for PZT system, has been extensively investigated because of their relative *Corresponding author: e-mail: [email protected], Tel/Fax:86-28-85412415/86-28-85460353
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