Influence of Sn and Nb additions on the microstructure and wear characteristics of a gray cast iron
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Influence of Sn and Nb additions on the microstructure and wear characteristics of a gray cast iron Qiangguo Li1,2,3,6 · Yanan Zhang4 · Yaning Zhang5 · Haibo Liu4 · Haonan Ren4 · Yamei Zhong4 · Xuefei Huang6 · Weigang Huang6 Received: 24 January 2020 / Accepted: 12 March 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Effects of Sn and Nb additions on the microstructure and wear behavior of a gray cast iron (GCI) have been investigated in details. The results showed that the combined additions of Sn and Nb not only promote the generation of pearlite and type-A graphite but also refine the graphite flakes size and the pearlite lamellar spacing. The analysis results of wear test indicated that the GCI-Sn–Nb sample with higher hardness (201 HB) yields a decreased mass loss by 63% compared to the GCI sample. Moreover, the GCI sample displays a severe wear in which some larger crater and a coarser surface can be observed, while the wear morphology of the GCI-Sn–Nb sample looked smooth, and the crater was smaller than the others. Under the present wear test condition, the combined additions of Sn and Nb are likely to improve the wear resistance of gray cast iron. The enhanced wear resistance of GCI-Sn–Nb sample was closely correlated to the increased hardness caused by the increase in pearlite content and the refinement of the graphite flakes size and the pearlite lamellar spacing. Keywords Gray cast iron · Sn · Nb · Wear characteristics · Microstructure
1 Introduction
Qiangguo Li and Yanan Zhang are considered as co-first authors. * Qiangguo Li [email protected] * Weigang Huang [email protected] 1
College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
2
Key Laboratory of Energy Engineering Safety and Disaster Mechanics (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
3
Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
4
School of Materials Engineering, Xi’an Aeronautical University, Xi’an 710077, People’s Republic of China
5
School of Resources Environment and History, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang 712000, People’s Republic of China
6
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People’s Republic of China
Gray cast irons are widely used material for the automotive and other industries due to its several properties such as good thermal conductivity, mechanical properties and excellent tribological behavior [1]. It is accepted that the graphite morphology and the volume fraction of matrix (pearlite and/ or ferrite) in the gray cast iron have a significant effect on its properties. Usually, the graphite in the gray cast iron is considered to be tiny inclusions and a type-A graphite flake with smaller size tends to enhance the mechanical properties especially the wear resistance [2]. The better wear resistance can be ascribed to the type-A graphit
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