Influence of sulfide inclusions and pearlite content on the mechanical properties of hot-rolled carbon steels
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W. A. SPITZIG is Associate Research Consultant and R. J. SOBER is Metallurgical Research Analyst at the U.S. Steel Research Laboratory, Monroeville,PA 15146. Manuscript submitted April 16, 1980.
MATERIALS AND PROCEDURES Three 0.1 pct carbon, 1.0 pct manganese steels and three 0.2 pct carbon, 1.0 pct manganese steels were prepared as Si-Al-killed 227-kg (500 lb) laboratory vacuum-induction-melted heats. At each carbon level one steel had a low sulfur content (0.004 pct S) and the other, two heats a higher sulfur content (0.013 pct S). A total of 0.82 kg (1.8 lb) of rare-earth silicide was added to one heat of the higher sulfur steel at each carbon level. The rare earth silicide was added after the aluminum addition. These six heats were cast into 18by 30- by 61-cm (7 by 12 by 24 in.) ingots. The chemical compositions of the six steels are given in Table I along with the number designation for reference throughout this paper. The ingots were straightaway-hot-rolled into plates in 15 passes, going from t8 cm (7 in.) to 2.6 cm (1.02 in.) with a 12 pct reduction per pass. Rolling was started at 1288 ~ (2350 ~ and the ingot temperature was reduced about 17 ~ (30 ~ per pass, finishing at 1038 ~ (1900 ~ The roll diameter was 53 cm (21 in.) and the rolling speed was 38 m per rain (125 feet per min). Longitudinal and transverse tension-test specimens were cut and plunge-ground from the plates of each alloy from the half and quarter width of the plates and at half- and quarter-thickness locations. These specimens were standard 0.9-cm-diam (0.357 in.) 4.45-cm (1.75 in.) gage-length tension specimens. Through-thickness specimens were made by welding extensions of A514 steel to the top and bottom surfaces of 3,2-cm sections cut from half- and quarter-width positions from the plates of each alloy. These sections were cut into specimen blanks and plunge-ground to standard 1.27-cm-diam (0.505 in.) 5.72-cm (2.25 in.) gage-length tension specimens. However, the effective gage length of the ~arough-thickness specimens was actually about 2.5 cm ~ c a u s e the A514 extensions welded to these
ISSN 0360-2133/81/0211-0281500.75/0 METALLURGICALTRANSACTIONSA 9 1981 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR METALS AND THE METALLURGICALSOCIETY OF AIME
VOLUME12A, FEBRUARY 1981--281
Table I. Composition of Steels, Wt Pct Steel
C
Mn
P
S
Si
Cu
Ni
Co
Mo
A1
N
O
Ce
6 7 8 9 10 11
0.10 0.20 0.11 0.21 0.10 0.21
1.04 1.05 0.98 0.89 1.04 1.06
0.005 0.006 0.005 0.004 0.005 0.005
0.013 0.013 0.013 0.012 0.004 0.004
0.27 0.24 0.25 0.23 0.24 0.25
0.003 0.003 0.004 0.004 0.002 0.002
0.008 0.006 0.008 0.009 0.005 0.005
0.010 0.010 0.009 0.008 0.007 0.008
0.004 0.005 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004
0.027 0.030 0.032 0.030 0.036 0.040
0.001 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.001
0.0018 0.0018 0.0020 0.0021 0.0020 0.0018
0.020 0.014 ----
specimens were part of the total 5.72-cm gage length. The fabrication of through-thickness specimens is described in Ref. 1. Full-size Charpy V-notch specimens were obtained from the plates of each alloy at the half and quarter width
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