Innovative Technological Materials Structural Properties by Neutron
This book provides at first ideas on the answers that neutrons and Synchrotron Radiation could give in innovative materials science and technology. In particular, non-conventional, unusual or innovative neutron and x-ray scattering experiments (from both
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Franco Rustichelli · Jacek J. Skrzypek Editors
G. Albertini · M. Cegielski · H. Egner F. Fiori · A. Ganczarski · E. Girardin A. Giuliani · S. Hernik · V. Komlev M. Kula · A. Manescu · A. Muc · M. Oleksy F. Rustichelli · J. Skrzypek · F. Spinozzi
Innovative Technological Materials Structural Properties by Neutron Scattering, Synchrotron Radiation and Modeling
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Editors Prof. Dr. Jacek J. Skrzypek Politechnika Krakowska Institute of Machine Design Dept. Deformable Solids Al. Jana Pawla II 37 31-864 Krakow Poland [email protected]
Prof. Dr. Franco Rustichelli Universt´a Politecnica della Marche Dipto. Scienze Applicate ai Sistemi Complessi (SASC) Sezione Scienze Fisiche Via Brecce Bianche 60131 Ancona Italy [email protected]
ISBN 978-3-642-12058-9 e-ISBN 978-3-642-12059-6 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-12059-6 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2010924733 c Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: WMXDesign GmbH Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
“La luce della scienza cerco e ’l beneficio.” (I seek the light of science and its benefits.) Galileo Galilei
Contents
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Introduction and State-of-the-Art F. Rustichelli, J.J. Skrzypek . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1 Innovative Materials at Different Scales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Improved Physical Properties and Material Functionality at Atomic Scales and Nanoscales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.1 Intermetallics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.2 Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.3 Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites for Bioapplications and Medical Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Improved Material Functionality at the Microscale or Mesoscale 1.3.1 Metal Matrix Composites MMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3.2 Ceramic Matrix Composites CMC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 Multifunctional Structures at the Macrolevel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4.1 Functionally Graded Coatings (FGC) for Thermal (TB
